Malaysian Journal of Analytical Sciences, Vol 26 No 5 (2022): 1070 - 1081

 

OPTIMIZATION OF MICROWAVE-ASSISTED EXTRACTION OF PHENOLIC COMPOUNDS FROM Eleusine indica USING RESPONSE SURFACE METHODOLOGY

 

(Pengoptimuman Pengekstrakan Berbantu Gelombang Mikro bagi Sebatian Fenolik dari Eleusine indica Mengunakan Kaedah Gerak Balas Permukaan)

 

Angelica A. Angeles-Macalalad, Bryan John A. Magoling*, Jennielyn C. De Chavez,

Love Angel H. Flores, Alona B. Intac

 

Department of Chemistry,

College of Arts and Sciences,

Batangas State University-Pablo Borbon, Rizal Avenue, Batangas City, 4200 Philippines

 

*Corresponding author: bryanmagoling@gmail.com

 

 

Received: 28 February 2022; Accepted: 19 May 2022; Published:  30 October 2022

 

 

Abstract

Eleusine indica belongs to the Pocaceae family and is abundantly found in many tropical countries. Because of its anti-malarial, antioxidant, anti-viral, and antidiabetic properties, among many others, studies are being aimed on developing time and cost-effective methods that could efficiently extract its active components. This study focused on the optimization of the microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) of phenolic contents from E. indica. A response surface methodology (RSM) using a Box-Behnken design (BBD) of experiment was employed to determine the optimized condition for the extraction method. The extraction was performed with three varying factors (ethanol concentration, microwave power, and irradiation time) and one response (total phenolic content or TPC). A maximum TPC of 74.81 ± 5.22 GAE mg/g was obtained through MAE, using 57.23% (v/v) ethanol with microwave irradiation of 217.77 W for 4.53 minutes. The optimized condition had an extraction yield of 11.62 ± 1.97%. The ethanolic E. indica extract obtained using the optimum condition contained mostly of triterpenes, saponins and glycosides; and moderately of flavonoids and tannins.

 

Keywords: Eleusine indica, microwave-assisted extraction, phenolic compound extraction, response surface methodology

 

Abstrak

Eleusine indica dari keluarga Pocaceae dan ia sering dijumpai di negara tropika. Oleh kerana sifatnya anti-malaria, antioksida, anti-viral dan antidiabetik, banyak kajian dijalankan bangi membangunkan kaedah yang berkesan dari aspek masa dan kos bagi tujuan pengkestrakan komponen aktif. Kajian ini memberi tumpuan kepada pengoptimuman pengekstrakan berbantu gelombang mikro (MAE) bagi kandungan fenolik dari E. indica. Kaedah gerak balas permukaan (RSM) mengunakan reka bentuk eksperimen Box-Behnken telah dibangunkan bagi penentuan keadaan optimum kaedah pengekstrakan. Pengekstrakan telah dijalankan Bersama tiga faktor (kepekatan etanol, kuasa gelombang mikro, dan masa penyinaran) dan satu respons (jumlah kandungan fenolik atau TPC). Nilai maksimum TPC ialah 74.81 ± 5.22 GAE mg/g diperolehi melalui MAE, mengunakan 57.23% (v/v) etanol bersama 217.77 W penyinaran gelombang mikro selama 4.53 minit. Keadaan optimum telah menghasilkan ekstrak 11.62 ± 1.97%. Ekstrak etanolik E. indica mengunakan keadaan optimum mengandungi triterpen, saponin dan glikosida, dan flavonoid dan tannin.

 

Kata kunci: Eleusine indica, pengekstrakan berbantu gelombang mikro, pengekstrakan sebatian fenolik, kaedaj gerak balas permukaan

 

 

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