Malaysian Journal of Analytical Sciences, Vol 26 No 5 (2022): 1047 - 1069

 

RECENT DEVELOPMENT ON THE SYNTHESIS OF THIOUREA DERIVATIVES AND EFFECT OF SUBSTITUENTS ON THE ANTICANCER ACTIVITY: A SHORT REVIEW

 

(Perkembangan Terkini Sintesis Sebatian Terbitan Tiourea dan Kesan Kumpulan Penukargantian Terhadap Aktiviti Antikanser: Ulasan Ringkas)

 

Norashikin Roslan1,5, Noraslinda Muhamad Bunnori2,5, Khairul Bariyyah Abdul Halim2,5, Karimah Kassim3,

Mohd Fadhlizil Fasihi Mohd Aluwi4, Nurziana Ngah1,6*

 

1Department of Chemistry,

Kulliyah of Science, International Islamic University Malaysia, Kuantan Campus,

Bandar Indera Mahkota, 25200 Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia

2Department of Biotechnology,

Kulliyah of Science, International Islamic University Malaysia, Kuantan Campus,

Bandar Indera Mahkota, 25200 Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia

3Institute of Sciences,

Universiti Teknologi MARA Shah Alam, 40450 Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia

4Faculty of Industrial Sciences and Technology,

Universiti Malaysia Pahang, Gambang, 26300 Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia

5Research Unit for Bioinoformatic & Computional (RUBIC),

Kulliyyah of Science, International Islamic University Malaysia, Kuantan Campus,

Bandar Indera Mahkota, 25200 Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia

6 Synthetic and Functional Material Research Group,

Department of Chemistry,

Kulliyyah of Science, International Islamic University Malaysia, Kuantan Campus,

Bandar Indera Mahkota, 25200 Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia

 

*Corresponding author: nurziana@iium.edu.my

 

 

Received: 1 June 2022; Accepted: 18 August 2022; Published:  30 October 2022

 

 

Abstract

Thiourea is a carbon, hydrogen, sulphur, and nitrogen-based organic molecule. The thiourea group has been improved by replacing various substituents for its hydrogen atoms at the nitrogen terminal, resulting in a wide range of biological activities, especially on anticancer properties. Despite the fact that thiourea derivatives have remarkable anticancer potential, finding a novel anticancer agent that is both safe and selective remains a challenge. This paper summarizes recent research on thiourea compounds that can be used to treat malignant cell lines. Several synthesis methods and the effects of substituents as well as their anticancer therapeutic potential in a variety of healthy and malignant cell lines are discussed. As a result, it is envisaged that this review will guide the design and synthesis of new thiourea derivatives in the future for the development of highly effective and selective anticancer drugs.

 

Keywords: thiourea derivatives, synthesis method, anticancer activity, substituents

 

Abstrak

Tiourea merupakan sebatian organik yang mempunyai atom karbon, hidrogen, sulfur dan nitrogen. Modifikasi sebatian organik tiourea ini dengan menggantikan atom hidrogen pada terminal nitrogen dengan pelbagai kumpulan penukargantian yang terpilih telah menghasilkan sebatian yang mempunyai pelbagai aktiviti biologi. Salah satu daripada aktiviti biologinya adalah sebagai agen antikanser. Meskipun sebatian terbitan tiourea ini dilaporkan mempunyai aktiviti antikanser yang signifikan, namun masih terdapat cabaran untuk mencari sebatian terbitan tiourea baru yang selamat dan bersifat selektif. Kertas ini meringkaskan kajian terkini mengenai sebatian terbitan tiourea yang boleh diaplikasi untuk kajian merawat sel kanser. Pelbagai kaedah sintesis, kesan kumpulan penukargantian serta potensi sebatian ke atas pelbagai jenis sel termasuk sel sihat dan malignan telah dibincangkan. Ulasan ringkas ini dapat memberi panduan untuk meningkatkan kemajuan dalam mencipta dan mensintesis sebatian antikanser baru yang berkesan dan selektif berasaskan tiourea. 

 

Kata kunci: terbitan tiourea, kaedah sintesis, aktiviti antikanser, kesan kumpulan penukargantian

 

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