Malaysian
Journal of Analytical Sciences Vol 26 No 4
(2022): 902 - 913
APLIKASI KARBON TERAKTIF SEKAM PADI TERHADAP EFLUEN
KILANG KELAPA SAWIT MENGGUNAKAN KAEDAH PENJERAPAN
(Application of Rice
Husk Activated Carbon on Palm Oil Mill Effluent using Adsorption Method)
Mohamad Jani Saad1*,
Chia Chin Hua2, Sarani Zakaria2, Mohd Shaiful Sajab3
1Pusat
Penyelidikan Kejuruteraan,
Institut
Penyelidikan dan Kemajuan Pertanian Malaysian (MARDI), Persiaran Mardi-UPM,
43400 Serdang Selangor, Malaysia
2Fakulti
Sains dan Teknologi
3Fakulti
Kejuruteraan
Universiti
Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
*Pengarang
utama: jani@mardi.gov.my
Received: 16 November 2021; Accepted: 27 February 2022 ;
Published: 25 August 2022
Abstrak
Karbon
aktif sekam padi (RHAC) dihasilkan dan digunakan untuk menghilangkan warna
pewarna organik dan efluen kilang kelapa sawit (POME) melalui proses
penjerapan. Sekam padi dikarbonisasi dan diaktifkan menggunakan kalium
hidroksida (KOH) dan natrium hidroksida (NaOH) untuk menghasilkan karbon aktif.
Sifat karbon aktif (AC) dikaji melalui analisis permukaan dan morfologi.
Penjanaan semula bahan penjerap dengan proses penjerapan/penyaherapan
menunjukkan bahawa AC dapat dijana semula hingga lima kitaran sementara masih
memberikan maksimum 67.26% kapasiti penjerapan pada regenerasi pertama dan
serendah 2.72% kapasiti penjerapan pada regenerasi kelima. RHAC juga digunakan
untuk perawatan POME untuk penyahwarnaan dan pengurangan jumlah karbon organik
(TOC) dan permintaan oksigen kimia (COD). Kajian ini menunjukkan bahawa RHAC
berpotensi digunakan sebagai bahan penjerap untuk menghilangkan pelbagai jenis
cas positif bahan terjerap dan POME dari larutan berair.
Kata
kunci: karbon aktif,
sekam padi, penjerapan, karbonisasi, efluen kilang kelapa sawit
Abstract
Rice husk activated
carbon (RHAC) is produced and used to remove the color of organic dyes and palm
oil mill effluents (POME) through an adsorption process. Rice husk is
carbonized and activated using potassium hydroxide (KOH) and sodium hydroxide
(NaOH) to produce activated carbon. The properties of activated carbon (AC)
were studied through surface and morphological analysis. Adsorbent regeneration
by adsorption/absorption process showed that AC could be regenerated for up to
five cycles while still providing a maximum of 67.26% adsorption capacity on
the first regeneration and as low as 2.72% adsorption capacity on the fifth
regeneration. RHAC is also used for POME treatment for discoloration and
reduction of total organic carbon (TOC) and chemical oxygen demand (COD). This
study shows that RHAC has the potential to be used as an adsorbent to remove
various types of positive charge adsorbate and POME from aqueous solutions.
Keywords: activated carbon, rice husk, adsorption,
carbonization, palm oil mill effluents
Graphical Abstract
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