Malaysian Journal of Analytical Sciences Vol 26 No 3 (2022): 478 - 491

 

 

 

 

 

IMPROVING THE MORPHOLOGICAL, THERMAL, AND ACOUSTICS PROPERTIES OF POLYURETHANE-UREA BIOFOAM USING INDUSTRIAL PLYWOOD SAWDUST WASTE

 

(Meningkatkan Morfologi, Termal dan Sifat Akustik Busa Poliuretan-Urea Menggunakan Sisa Habuk Papan Kayu Lapis)

 

Herlina Nofitasari¹*, Ari Handono Ramelan², Mohammad Masykuri³   

 

¹Master’s Degree Program in Environmental Science

²Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences

³Faculty of Teacher Training and Education

Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta 57126, Indonesia

 

*Corresponding author:  henosa25@gmail.com

 

 

Received:  29 December 2021; Accepted:  27 February 2022; Published:  27 June 2022

 

 

Abstract

Majority of the polyurethane–urea (PUU) foam is made from petroleum raw materials. Concerns regarding the loss of petroleum resources promote the environmentally sustainable manufacture of foam. The production of PUU foam synthesis from natural materials and waste composites was then developed. The PUU/industrial plywood sawdust waste (IPSW) biofoam was synthesized from a mixture of polyethylene glycol (PEG), methylene diisocyanate (MDI), ethylenediamine (EDA), maleic anhydrate (MAH), and IPSW by using a one-shot method. 5% IPSW was applied to the composition of the synthesized biofoam and the MDI ratio was increased. Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) was used to identify functional groups of biofoam. The pore morphology of the biofoam was observed with Microscope Camera and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), the thermal ability was measured with Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA), and the sound absorption ability was measured by using a two-microphone impedance tube according to the ASTM E-1050 standard. Based on FTIR spectra identification, the biofoam contains OH, CH, CO, and NH chemical groups. The results reveal that the PUU/IPSW biofoam had intermediate macropore morphology (closed and open cells), thermal resistance above 120^oC, and potential materials as sound-absorbing. The improvement in the biofoam properties upon the addition of organic filler shows that the biofoam is promotable as renewable material. This study suggests better formulation design to enhance the biofoam property performance.

 

Keywords:  acoustics, polyurethane-urea foam, sawdust, scanning electron microscopy, thermogravimetric analysis

 

Abstrak

Kebanyakan busa poliuretan-urea (PUU) diperbuat daripada bahan mentah petroleum. Kebimbangan mengenai kehilangan sumber petroleum menggalakkan pembuatan busa yang mampan secara alam sekitar. Penghasilan sintesis busa PUU daripada bahan alam  dan komposit sisa telah dibangunkan. Busa PUU telah disintesis daripada campuran polietilen glikol (PEG), metilen diisosianat (MDI),  etilen diamin (EDA),  maleat anhidrat (MAH), dan sisa habuk papan industri kayu lapis (IPSW) dengan menggunakan kaedah satu pukulan. Lima peratus IPSW telah digunakan pada komposisi biofoam tersintesis dan nisbah MDI telah meningkat. Spektroskopi Infra-Merah Transformasi Fourier (FTIR) digunakan untuk mengenal pasti struktur biofoam. Morfologi liang biofoam diperhatikan menggunakan mikroskop kamera dan SEM, TGA untuk pengukuran haba, dan keupayaan biofoam untuk menyerap bunyi diukur menggunakan tabung impedansi dua mikrofon mengikuti standar ASTM E-1050. Berdasarkan pengenalpastian spektrum FTIR, biofoam mengandungi kumpulan kimia OH, CH, CO, dan NH. Keputusan menunjukkan bahawa biofoam PUU/IPSW mempunyai morfologi makropori perantaraan (sel tertutup dan sel terbuka), rintangan haba melebihi 120 ^oC, dan berpotensi menjadi bahan penyerapan bunyi. Kemajuan kinerja ketika ditambahkan pengisi organik menunjukkan bahawa ini dapat dipromosikan sebagai bahan terbarukan. Studi ini menyarankan agar membuat formulasi yang lebih baik untuk meningkatkan prestasinya.

 

Kata kunci:  akustik, busa poliuretan-urea, habuk papan, mikroskopi imbasan elektron, analisis termogravimetrik

 

Graphical Abstract

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