Malaysian Journal of Analytical Sciences Vol 25 No 4 (2021): 547 - 560

 

 

 

 

A SHORT REVIEW ON THE SYNTHESIS OF AZAMACROCYCLIC LIGAND: CONVENTIONAL AND NON-TEMPLATE METHODS

 

(Ulasan Pendek Sintesis Ligan Aza Makrosilik: Kaedah Konvensional dan Tanpa Templat)

 

Nur Halimatus Saadiah Abdullah¹, Lailatun Nazirah Ozair¹*, Bohari Mohd Yamin²

 

¹Faculty of Science and Technology,

Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia, 71800 Bandar Baru Nilai, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia

²Faculty of Science and Technology

Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia

 

*Corresponding author:  lailatunnazirah@usim.edu.my

 

 

Received: 21 June 2021; Accepted: 26 July 2021; Published:  29 August 2021

 

 

Abstract

Various methods have been developed for the synthesis of azamacrocyclic ligands and their derivatives, which varies from the selection of amino group, ionic compound, and solvent. Among the popular methods include the rigid group method, high dilution method, and the template metal effect method. Recently, researchers have considered the non-template method as a promising and effective approach to produce a higher yield of metal-free azamacrocyclic ligands compared to the conventional approaches. Hence, this review presented an overview of the synthesis and structure of azamacrocyclic compounds through conventional methods and the newly developed non-template method. The advantages and disadvantages related to each technique were also highlighted.

 

Keywords:  azamacrocyclic ligand, non-template method, cyclisation, metal ion

 

Abstrak

Pelbagai kaedah dikembangkan untuk sintesis ligan aza makrosilik dan terbitannya yang berbeza daripada pemilihan kumpulan amino, sebatian ion dan pelarut. Antara pelbagai kaedah yang terkenal termasuklah kaedah kumpulan tegar, kaedah percairan tinggi, dan kaedah kesan templat logam. Baru-baru ini, penyelidik telah mengenal pasti kaedah tanpa templat sebagai pendekatan berkesan untuk menghasilkan ligan aza makrosilik yang bebas logam dengan hasil yang tinggi, berbanding dengan kaedah konvensional. Oleh itu, ulasan ini membincangkan sintesis dan struktur sebatian aza makrosilik dengan kaedah konvensional dan tanpa templat. Di samping itu, kelebihan dan kekurangan setiap teknik juga dibincangkan untuk penambahbaikan pada masa hadapan.    

 

Kata kunci:  ligan aza makrosilik, kaedah tanpa templat, perkitaran, logam ion

 

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