Malaysian Journal of Analytical Sciences Vol 25 No 1 (2021): 24 - 39

 

 

 

 

DUAL-PRODUCTION OF POLYHYDROXYALKANOATE AND RHAMNOLIPID BY Pseudomonas aeruginosa UMTKB-5 USING INDUSTRIAL BY‑PRODUCTS

 

(Dwi-Produksi Polihidroksialkanoat dan Ramnolipid oleh Pseudomonas aeruginosa UMTKB‑5 dengan Penggunaan Hasil Sampingan Industri)

 

Noor Fazielawanie Mohd Rashid1, Tan Suet May Amelia1, Al-Ashraf Abdullah Amirul2,3,4, Kesaven Bhubalan1,4,5*

 

1Faculty of Science and Marine Environment,

Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia

2Centre for Chemical Biology,

Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11900 Bayan Lepas, Penang, Malaysia

3School of Biological Sciences,

Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Gelugor, Penang, Malaysia

4Malaysian Institute of Pharmaceuticals and Nutraceuticals,

National Institutes of Biotechnology Malaysia, 11700 Gelugor, Penang, Malaysia

5Institute of Marine Biotechnology,

Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia

 

*Corresponding author:  kesaven@umt.edu.my

 

 

Received: 9 September 2020; Accepted: 10 November 2020; Published: 20 February 2021

 

 

Abstract

The biodegradability and biocompatibility of polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) bioplastic and rhamnolipid (RL) biosurfactant have encouraged their application in medicine, packaging, and bioremediation. However, the resources used to produce these two substances contribute to high manufacturing costs. Therefore, we applied the dual-production approach and fed the same renewable and economical carbon and nitrogen sources into singular cultivation media to produce both PHA and RL simultaneously. By-products from oleochemical (glycerol and glycerine pitch) and sugarcane (molasses and sweet water) industries were used to produce mcl-PHA and RL from Pseudomonas aeruginosa UMTKB-5. Furthermore, we also attempted the introduction of plasmid pBBR-PC1020 into transformant P. aeruginosa UMTKB-5 to produce 20-50% scl-mcl PHA with better properties. The PHA and RL yields were compared between wild-type and transformant strains with the use of seven carbon sources and six nitrogen sources. With glycerol as the carbon source and urea [CO(NH2)2] as the nitrogen source, the wild-type strain had produced the highest amount of PHA and RL at 0.24 ± 0.01 and 2.31 ± 0.01 g/L, respectively. The overall molecular weights (Mw) of the polymers produced ranged from 4 x 105 to 5 x 105 Da. Characterisation analysis on the RL congeners produced were identified as mono- and di-RL.

 

Keywords:     Pseudomonas aeruginosa, polyhydroxyalkanoate, rhamnolipid, glycerine pitch, glycerol, dual-production

 

Abstrak

Biopolimer polihidroksialkanoat (PHA) dan biosurfaktan ramnolipid (RL) yang mempunyai ciri-ciri biodegradasi dan keserasian bio telah mendorong penggunaannya dalam perubatan, pembungkusan, dan bioremediasi. Walau bagaimanapun, sumber yang digunakan untuk menghasilkan kedua-dua bahan ini menyumbang kepada kos pembuatan yang tinggi. Justeru, kami mengaplikasikan pendekatan dwi-produksi dan memberi sumber karbon dan nitrogen sama yang boleh diperbaharui dan murah ke dalam media kultur tunggal untuk menghasilkan PHA dan RL secara serentak. Hasil sampingan dari industri oleokimia (gliserol dan gliserin) dan tebu (molase dan air manis) digunakan sebagai sumber karbon untuk menghasilkan mcl-PHA dan RL dari Pseudomonas aeruginosa UMTKB-5. Selanjutnya, kami juga memperkenalkan plasmid pBBR-PC1020 kepada transforman P. aeruginosa UMTKB-5 untuk menghasilkan 20-50% scl-mcl PHA dengan sifat yang lebih baik. Hasil PHA dan RL dibandingkan antara strain jenis liar dan transforman dengan penggunaan tujuh sumber karbon dan enam sumber nitrogen. Dengan gliserol sebagai sumber karbon dan urea [CO(NH2)2] sebagai sumber nitrogen, strain jenis liar telah menghasilkan jumlah PHA dan RL tertinggi masing-masing pada 0.24 ± 0.01 dan 2.31 ± 0.01 g/L. Berat molekul (Mw) polimer yang dihasilkan secara keseluruhan adalah dari 4 x 105 hingga 5 x 105 Da. Analisis pencirian atas kongener RL yang dihasilkan telah dikenal pasti sebagai mono- dan di-RL.

 

Kata kunci:  Pseudomonas aeruginosa, polihidroksialkanoat, ramnolipid, sisa gliserin, gliserol, dwi-produksi

 

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