Abstract & References Vol 25 No 1 (2021)

Malaysian Journal of Analytical Sciences Vol 25 No 1 (2021): 1 - 15

ADVANCED ADSORBENTS FOR THE EXTRACTION AND PRECONCENTRATION OF PENICILLIN ANTIBIOTICS: AN UPDATED REVIEW

(Penjerap Lanjutan Bagi Pengekstrakan Dan Prapemekatan Antibiotik Penisilin: Satu Tinjauan Terkini)

Wan Ibrahim Thani Abd Halim¹, Siti Munirah Ishak¹, Salwani Md Saad¹, Nadhiratul-Farihin Semail¹, Ahmad Husaini Mohamed^1,2, Mohd Yusmaidie Aziz¹, Azam Taufik Mohd Din³, Nur Nadhirah Mohamad Zain¹, Nik Nur Syazni Nik Mohamed Kamal¹,

Sazlinda Kamaruzaman⁴, Noorfatimah Yahaya¹*

¹Integrative Medicine Cluster, Advanced Medical and Dental Institute (AMDI),

Universiti Sains Malaysia, 13200 Bertam Kepala Batas, Penang, Malaysia

²Universiti Teknologi MARA,

Cawangan Negeri Sembilan, Kampus Kuala Pilah, Pekan Parit Tinggi, 72000 Kuala Pilah, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia

³School of Chemical Engineering, Engineering Campus,

Universiti Sains Malaysia, 14300, Nibong Tebal, Penang, Malaysia

⁴Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science,

Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia

*Corresponding author: noorfatimah@usm.my

Received: 13 November 2020; Accepted: 27 December 2020; Published: 20 February 2021

Abstract

Widespread use of penicillins (PENs) has brought about the pollution of wastewater and contamination of food, leading to antibiotic resistance which is detrimental to human life. PEN residues are being constantly identified in different matrices at low concentration. Several studies have been performed to extract these residues from environmental and food matrices. Sample preparation approaches like solid phase extraction (SPE) and liquid phase extraction (LLE) have been developed for their quantitation. SPE, in particular, shows great demand as an essential step to raise both practical efficiency and analytical sensitivity. Conventional SPE methods used for the extraction of antibiotics are relatively expensive, tedious and generally require long analysis time. In this review, recent miniaturized SPE methods and their applications for extraction of PENs from various matrices will be discussed. The methods represent fast, modern and efficient approaches to trace analytes. Selected examples will illustrate the various features of miniaturized SPE methods and their applications in food, biological, and environmental areas. With that, this paper presents a review of previous studies pertaining to miniaturized SPE methods that focused on the analysis of PENs in variety of matrices from the year 2015 to 2020.

Keywords: penicillins, sample preparation, solid phase extraction, advanced solid phase extraction, food security

Abstrak

Penggunaan penisilin (PEN) secara meluas telah menyebabkan pencemaran air kumbahan dan pencemaran makanan, yang berpotensi mewujudkan kerintangan antibiotik yang berbahaya terhadap kehidupan manusia. Sisa PEN kerap kali dikenal pasti dalam matriks berbeza pada kepekatan rendah. Beberapa kajian telah dilakukan untuk mengekstrak sisa ini dari matriks persekitaran dan makanan. Pendekatan penyediaan sampel seperti pengekstrakan fasa pepejal (SPE) dan pengekstrakan fasa cecair (LLE) telah dibangunkan untuk penyukatan secara kuantitatif. SPE, terutamanya, menunjukkan permintaan yang besar sebagai langkah penting untuk meningkatkan kecekapan praktikal dan kepekaan analisis. Kaedah SPE konvensional yang digunakan untuk pengekstrakan antibiotik agak mahal, susah dan biasanya memerlukan masa analisis yang panjang. Dalam tinjauan ini, kaedah SPE yang terkini dan aplikasi mereka untuk pengekstrakan PEN dari pelbagai matriks akan dibincangkan. Kaedah-kaedah ini mewakili pendekatan pantas, moden dan cekap untuk mengesan bahan analit. Contoh-contoh yang terpilih akan memberi gambaran mengenai ciri-ciri SPE lanjutan yang pelbagai dan aplikasi mereka dalam bidang makanan, biologi dan persekitaran. Dengan itu, manuskrip ini memberi tinjauan bagi kajian yang melibatkan kaedah SPE lanjutan yang mengfokuskan kepada analisa PENS di dalam pelbagai matriks dari tahun 2015 sehingga 2020.

Kata kunci: penisilin, penyediaan sampel, pengekstrakan fasa pepejal, pengekstrakan fasa pepejal lanjutan, kawalan makanan

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