Abstract & References Vol 24 No 6 (2020)

Malaysian Journal of Analytical Sciences Vol 24 No 6 (2020): 1002 - 1012

EFFECT OF AUXIN AND METHYL JASMONATE ON TOTAL PHENOLIC CONTENT AND TOTAL FLAVONOID CONTENT IN ADVENTITIOUS ROOTS OF Justicia gendarussa

(Kesan Auksin dan Metil Jasmonat ke atas Jumlah Kandungan Fenolik dan Flavonoid dalam Akar Adventitius Justicia gendarussa)

Noor Khaleeda Arsad and Azman Abd Samad*

Department of Biosciences, Faculty of Science

Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia

*Corresponding author: azmansamad@utm.my

Received: 18 July 2019; Accepted: 20 July 2020; Published: 10 December 2020

Abstract

Justicia gendarussa or known as gandarusa, a member of the Acanthaceae family, is recognised for its medicinal properties. To date, the optimisation of total phenolic and total flavonoid contents in adventitious root biomass of J. gendarussa has not been reported. Therefore, in this study, the effects of auxins and methyl jasmonate (MeJa) on adventitious root biomass, total phenolic content (TPC), and total flavonoid content (TFC) of J. gendarussa were investigated. Adventitious root induction from leaf explant was studied when treated with different concentrations of indole butyric acid (IBA), indole acetic acid (IAA), and naphthalene acetic acid (NAA). The total phenolic content (TPC) and total flavonoid content (TFC) were recorded after 7 weeks of cultures. Results demonstrated that the maximum root biomass was obtained when treated with 2 mg/L IAA (1591.40 ± 14.14 mg). Analysis of TPC and TFC revealed that the combination of 2 mg/L IAA + 0.5 mg/L NAA had an optimum value of 0.30 ± 0.02 mg gallic acid equivalent/g dry roots and 0.24 ± 0.01 mg of (+) catechin equivalent/g dry roots, respectively. However, the addition of MeJa had reduced the root biomass, TPC, and TFC. In conclusion, a combination of IAA and NAA had a positive effect on root biomass, TPC, and TFC values.

Keywords: adventitious root, Justicia gendarussa, methyl jasmonate, flavonoid, phenolic

Abstrak

Justicia gendarussa atau juga dikenali sebagai gandarusa, adalah ahli keluarga Acanthaceae yang terkenal dengan ciri-ciri perubatan. Sehingga kini, pengoptimuman jumlah kandungan fenolik dan kandungan flavonoid di dalam akar adventitius masih belum dilaporkan. Oleh sebab itu, kajian ini dijalankan untuk menentukan kesan auksin dan metil jasmonat (MeJa) terhadap biojisim akar, jumlah kandungan fenolik (TPC), dan jumlah kandungan flavonoid (TFC) dalam akar adventitius J. gendarussa. Pengaruhan akar adventitius daripada eksplan daun yang dirawat telah dikaji dengan pelbagai kepekatan asid indol butirik (IBA), asid indol asetik (IAA), dan asid naftalena asetik (NAA). Analisa kandungan TPC dan TFC telah direkodkan selepas 7 minggu rawatan. Keputusan menunjukkan bahawa biojisim akar yang maksimum diperolehi pada rawatan 2 mg/L IAA (1591.40 ± 14.14) mg. Analisa TPC dan TFC pula menunjukkan bahawa gabungan rawatan 2 mg/L IAA + 0.5 mg/L NAA mencapai nilai optimum TPC (0.30 ± 0.02 mg asid galik yang setara per gram akar kering) dan TFC (0.24 ± 0.01 mg (+) katekin yang setara per gram akar kering). Walau bagaimanapun, penambahan MeJa telah mengurangkan biojisim akar, TPC dan TFC. Kesimpulannya, kombinasi IAA dan NAA memberikan kesan positif kepada penambahan biojisim akar, nilai TPC dan TFC.

Kata kunci: akar adventitius, Justicia gendarussa, metil jasmonat, flavonoid, fenolik

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