Malaysian Journal of Analytical Sciences Vol 24 No 5 (2020): 698 - 706

 

 

 

 

MORPHOLOGICAL AND CONDUCTIVITY STUDIES OF POLYANILINE FABRIC DOPED PHOSPHORIC ACID

 

(Kajian Morfologi dan Kekonduksian Fabrik Polianilina yang telah Terdop oleh Asid Fosforik)

 

Nazreen Che Roslan¹, Muhammad Faiz Aizamddin¹, Siti Nurzatul Ikma Omar¹, Nur Aimi Jani^1,2, Mohamed Izzharif Abdul Halim³, Zaidah Zainal Ariffin⁴, Mohd Muzamir Mahat¹*

 

¹School of Physics and Materials Studies, Faculty of Applied Sciences

²Centre of Functional Materials and Nanotechnology, Institute of Science 

³School of Chemistry and Environmental Studies, Faculty of Applied Sciences

⁴School of Biology, Faculty of Applied Sciences

Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450 Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia

 

*Corresponding author:  mmuzamir@uitm.edu.my

 

 

Received: 30 March 2020; Accepted: 9 September 2020; Published: 12 October 2020

 

 

Abstract

Polyaniline doped phosphoric acid was synthesised through chemical oxidation. The morphology and conductivity properties of the materials were characterised with field emission scanning electron and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. UV-Vis analysis confirmed the presence of polyaniline through the observation of benzenoid and quinoid structure. The protonation of polyaniline emeraldine base (PANI-EB) into PANI-ES was confirmed when the solution changed from blue to green. The addition of hydrochloric acid (HCl) in the protonation supplied H⁺ ion to the polymer backbone. Three batches of PANI solutions were treated with 10% v/v, 20% v/v and 30% v/v phosphoric acid as the dopant. Conductive polyaniline was fabricated by immersing bare cotton fabric into PANI solutions of different concentrations, followed by drying. Conductivity studies with EIS revealed that doped sample had higher conductivity compared to undoped sample, with the highest recorded conductivity of 3.37 x 10^-6 ± 8.89 x 10^-7 S/m at a concentration of 30% v/v. This result was supported by FESEM analysis which showed a homogenous distribution of PANI on the cotton, which reflected optimum incorporation of PANI into the fabric. Furthermore, the amount of deposited precipitate increased as the concentration of dopant acid increased. This observation was in line with the results from EIS analysis that showed higher conductivity of fabric in tandem with increasing concentration of dopant.

 

Keywords:  polyaniline, conductive fabrics, cotton, electro impedance spectroscopy, field emission scanning electron microscope

 

Abstrak

Polianilina,  suatu  bentuk  polimer  pengalir elektrik telah disintesis  melalui kaedah  pengoksidaan  kimia  menggunakan asid  fosforik sebagai dopan. UV-Vis telah menunjukkan kehadiran struktur benzenoid dan quinoid dalam sampel selari dengan struktur polianilina. PANI-EB yang  pada  mulanya  berwarna  biru  berubah  menjadi  hijau  apabila  melalui protonasi (PANI-ES). Protonasi ini berlaku disebabkan oleh penambahan asid hidroklorik (HCl) yang membekalkan caj H⁺ terhadap rantaian utama polimer. Fabrik konduktif polianilina dihasilkan melalui kaedah perendaman. Proses ini dilakukan dengan merendamkan kain kapas kosong ke dalam larutan PANI yang dirawat dengan asid fosforik sebagai dopan pada kepekatan yang berbeza, iaitu 10% v/v, 20% v/v dan 30% v/v diikuti dengan proses pengeringan. Kajian konduktiviti  menggunakan  EIS menunjukan bahawa  sampel yang terdop dengan asid mempunyai kekonduksian yang lebih tinggi berbanding sampel tidak terdop. Kekonduksian tertinggi didapati pada 30% v/v (3.37 x 10^-6 ± 8.89 x 10^-7 S/m). Analisis morfologi menggunakan FESEM menunjukkan pengedaran PANI yang sekata pada permukaan kapas. Ini membuktikan penyerapan PANI yang baik ke dalam kain. Selain itu, lebih banyak mendakan PANI didapati pada permukaan kain apabila kepekatan asid dopan bertambah. Ini adalah selari dengan hasil bacaan tahap kekonduksian elektrik.

 

Kata kunci:  polianilina, fabrik konduktif, fabrik, spektroskopi impedansi elektrokimia, mikroskop pengimbasan pelepasan medan

 

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