Malaysian Journal of Analytical Sciences Vol 24 No 4 (2020): 599 - 614

 

 

 

 

A FEASIBILITY STUDY ON VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS PROFILING OF OIL PALM-Ganoderma INFECTED WOOD FOR BASAL STEM ROT DETECTION

 

(Kajian Kebolehlaksanaan Pemprofilan Sebatian Organik Meruap daripada Kayu Sawit yang Dijangkiti Ganoderma bagi Mengesan Penyakit Reput Pangkal Batang)

 

Zainol Hilmi Nur Hailini*, Idris Abu Seman, Mohd Azmil Mohd Noor, Shariffah-Muzaimah Syed Aripin

 

Malaysian Palm Oil Board,

6, Persiaran Institusi, Bandar Baru Bangi, 43000 Kajang, Selangor, Malaysia

 

*Corresponding author:  hailini@mpob.gov.my

 

 

Received: 11 March 2020; Accepted: 28 May 2020; Published:  11 August 2020

 

 

Abstract

Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are commonly released during plant-pathogen interactions due to pathogenicity or plant defence responses. Basal stem rot (BSR) disease caused by Ganoderma boninense fungus remains a serious threat to oil palm cultivation. This study aimed to investigate the feasibility of detecting VOCs released from oil palm wood tissue infected by G. boninense using headspace solid-phase microextraction (HS-SPME) method combined with gas-chromatography mass-spectrometry (GC-MS). Several factors affecting the HS-SPME extraction efficacy were investigated; 0.25 g of sample homogenised in liquid nitrogen was shown to be the most useful preparation procedure, while fibre divinylbenzene/carboxen/polydimethylsiloxane (DVB/Car/PDMS) was shown as the optimum extraction phase. The optimised method was capable of sampling VOCs with high reproducibility with a balanced VOCs profile of various chemical classes. The most abundant VOCs detected were the aliphatic compounds with eight-carbon atoms, 1-octen-3-ol (69.43%) and 3-octanone (10.34%). This preliminarily study reveals that the detected VOCs could also be used as biomarker candidates for basal stem rot disease detection. However, further study is required.

 

Keywords:  basal stem rot, Ganoderma, oil palm, 1-octen-3-ol, 3-octanone

 

Abstrak

Sebatian-sebatian organik meruap (VOCs) biasanya dibebaskan semasa interaksi tumbuhan-patogen kesan kepatogenan atau tindak balas pertahanan tumbuhan. Penyakit reput pangkal batang (BSR) yang disebabkan oleh kulat Ganoderma boninense masih lagi menjadi ancaman serius terhadap penanaman sawit. Kajian ini dijalankan bertujuan menyelidik kebolehlaksanaan pengesanan VOC yang terbebas dari tisu kayu kelapa sawit yang dijangkiti oleh G. boninense menggunakan kaedah mikroekstraksi fasa pepejal-ruang tutupan (HS-SPME) yang digabung bersama kromatografi gas-spektrometri jisim (GC-MS). Beberapa faktor yang mempengaruhi keberkesanan pengambilan HS-SPME telah dikaji; 0.25 g sampel yang dihomogenkan dalam nitrogen cair terbukti sebagai prosedur penyediaan yang paling sesuai, sementara gentian divinilbenzena/karboksena/polidimetilsikloheksana (DVB/Car/PDMS) dibuktikan sebagai fasa pengekstrakan yang optimum. Kaedah yang optimum ini mampu mengekstrak VOCs dengan kebolehulangan yang tinggi dengan profil VOCs yang seimbang dari pelbagai kelas kimia. VOCs yang paling banyak dikesan adalah sebatian-sebatian alifatik dengan atom-atom lapan-karbon, 1-okten-3-ol (69.43%) dan 3-oktanon (10.34%). Kajian awal ini mendedahkan bahawa VOCs yang dikesan juga berpotensi digunakan sebagai penanda biologi bagi pengesanan penyakit reput pangkal batang. Walau bagaimanapun, kajian lanjutan adalah diperlukan.

 

Kata kunci:  reput pangkal batang, Ganoderma, sawit, 1-okten-3-ol, 3-oktanon

 

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