Malaysian Journal of Analytical Sciences Vol 24 No 2 (2020): 236 - 246

 

 

 

 

EFFICIENT REMOVAL OF LEAD FROM AQUEOUS USING HYBRID GRAPHITE NANOFLAKES/MESOPOROUS SILICA NANOPARTICLES, AMINE FUNCTIONALIZED MESOPOROUS SILICA AND GRAPHITE NANOFLAKES AS ADSORBENTS

 

(Penyingkiran Berkesan terhadap Plumbum dari Cecair Menggunakan Kepingan Nano Grafit Hibrid/ Silika Partikel Nano Berliang-Meso, Silika Partikel Nano Berliang-Meso Berfungsi Amin dan Kepingan Nano Grafit Sebagai Penyerap)

 

Haslina Ahmad^1,2*, Vilander Vince Laini¹, Tan Zhi Qian¹, Radhiah Mohd Jelani¹, Fatin Ahza Rosli¹, Sazlinda Kamaruzaman¹

 

¹Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science

²Integrated Chemical Biophysics Research Centre, Faculty of Science

Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia

 

*Corresponding author: haslina_ahmad@upm.edu.my

 

 

Received: 20 November 2019; Accepted: 18 March 2020

 

 

Abstract

Noxious heavy metal ions contamination has become a serious environmental problem nowadays. Among all the toxic heavy metal ions, lead(II) ion, is the most commonly encountered in industrial and agricultural wastewater and in acidic wash-away from landfills site. Hence, the removal of lead traces from the environment has gained a special concern due to their persistence. In this study, batch experiments were conducted to study the capability of hybrid graphite nanoflakes/mesoporous silica nanoparticles (GNP-MSN), amine functionalized mesoporous silica (NH₂-MSN) and pristine graphite nanoflakes (GNP) as adsorbents for removal of lead from aqueous. The influence of several parameters such as pH of the aqueous sample, amount of adsorbent, initial concentration of the lead(II) ions and contact time were examined to optimize the adsorption efficiency of the adsorbents under study. Lead(II) ion can be extracted at pH 4 from sample volume of 10 mL with concentration of 10 ppm by utilizing 10 mg of each respective adsorbent. The analysis of the sample was done by using Flame Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (FAAS). Furthermore, GNP-MSN also has greatly reduced the aggregation of pristine graphite in water in which GNP-MSN is more easily to be removed from tested sample by centrifugation process compared to pristine graphite. In term of consistency and selectivity of the lead(II) ions removal, GNP-MSN show the highest efficiency since it is able to remove lead(II) ions with higher adsorption capacity (23.940 mg/g) compared to NH₂-MSN (9.230 mg/g) and GNP (1.113 mg/g). Based on kinetic study, both GNP and NH₂-MSN were best-fitted with pseudo-second order while GNP-MSN fitted well with pseudo-first order.

 

Keywords:  adsorption, mesoporous silica nanoparticles, graphite nanoflakes, lead, hybrid nanoparticles

 

Abstrak

Pencemaran ion logam berat secara tidak sengaja telah menjadi isu alam sekitar yang serius pada masa kini. Di antara semua ion logam berat toksik, ion plumbum(II), adalah yang paling biasa ditemui dalam air kumbahan perindustrian dan pertanian dan dalam cucian berasid dari tapak pelupusan. Oleh itu, penyingkiran plumbum dari alam sekitar telah mendapat keprihatinan khusus kerana masih berterusan. Dalam kajian ini, eksperimen berkumpulan dijalankan untuk mengkaji kemampuan kepingan nano grafit hibrid/ silika partikel nano berliang-meso (GNP-MSN) untuk penyingkiran plumbum, terhadap silika partikel nano berliang-meso berfungsi amin (NH₂-MSN) dan kepingan nano grafit asli (GNP) untuk penyingkiran plumbum dari akueus. Faktor beberapa parameter seperti pH sampel, jumlah penjerap, kepekatan awal ion plumbum(II) dan masa sentuhan telah dikaji untuk mengoptimumkan kecekapan penjerapan untuk menyerap di dalam kajian. Ion plumbum(II) boleh disingkirkan pada pH 4 dari jumlah sampel 10 mL dengan kepekatan 10 ppm dengan menggunakan 10 mg bagi setiap penyerap. Analisis sampel dilakukan dengan menggunakan spektroskopi penyerapan atom bara (FAAS). Selain itu, GNP-MSN juga telah mengurangkan pengagregatan grafit asli di dalam air di mana GNP-MSN lebih mudah dikeluarkan daripada sampel yang diuji dengan proses sentrifugasi berbanding dengan grafit asli. Dari segi konsistensi dan pemilihan penyingkiran ion (II) ion, GNP-MSN menunjukkan kecekapan tertinggi kerana ia dapat menyingkirkan ion-ion plumbum (II) dengan kapasiti penjerapan yang lebih tinggi (23.940 mg/g) berbanding dengan NH₂-MSN (9.230 mg/g) dan GNP (1.113 mg/g). Berdasarkan kajian kinetik, kedua-dua GNP dan NH₂-MSN sangat sesuai dengan perintah pseudo-kedua manakala GNP-MSN sesuai dengan perintah pseudo-pertama.

 

Kata kunci:  penjerapan, silika partikel nano berliang-meso, kepingan nano grafit, plumbum, partikel nano hibrid

 

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