Malaysian Journal of Analytical Sciences Vol 23 No 3 (2019): 383 - 389

SALICYLATE-BASED PROTIC IONIC LIQUIDS AS A POTENTIAL ANTIOXIDANT

(Cecair Ionik Protik Berasaskan Salisilat Berpotensi Sebagai Antioksida)

Nur Afiqah Ahmad¹, Khairulazhar Jumbri^1,2*, Anita Ramli¹, Noraini Ghani^1,2, Haslina Ahmad³

¹Department of Fundamental and Applied Science
²Centre of Research in Ionic Liquids (CORIL)

Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, 32610 Seri Iskandar, Perak, Malaysia

³Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science,

Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia

*Corresponding author: khairulazhar.jumbri@utp.edu.my

Received: 19 August 2018; Accepted: 20 May 2019

Abstract

Salicylate-based protic ionic liquids (PILs) were synthesised, characterised and assessed in this study for potential antioxidant in drug design. The synthesised PILs were known as 3-dimethylamino-1-propanol salicylate (3DMAPS) and 3-diethylamino-1-propanol salicylate (3DEAPS). Proton nuclear magnetic resonance (¹HNMR), Fourier transformation infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) were used to characterise the synthesised PILs. Furthermore, the antioxidant activity of the synthesised PILs was determined using the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical assay. Both 3DMAPS and 3DEAPS showed a good antioxidant activity compared to parent acid (salicylic acid) as these two compounds could scavenge 20% of DPPH free radical at a concentration of 66.76 ± 0.09 µM and 27.27 ± 0.10 µM, respectively.

Keywords: protic ionic liquids, salicylic acid, radical scavenging, free radical, DPPH assays

Abstrak

Cecair ionik protik (PILs) berasaskan salisilat disintesis, dicirikan dan dinilai untuk potensi antioksidan dalam reka bentuk dadah. Dua PILs iaitu 3-dimetilamino-1-propanol salisilat (3DMAPS) dan 3-diethilamino-1-propanol salisilat (3DEAPS) telah berjaya disintesis. Proton resonans magnetik nuklear (¹HNMR), spektroskopi transformasi inframerah (FTIR) dan analisis termogravimetrik (TGA) digunakan untuk pencirian PIL yang di sintesis. Tambahan pula, aktiviti antioksidan PIL ditentukan dengan menggunakan ujian radikal bebas 2,2-difenil-1-pikrilhidrazil (DPPH). Kedua-dua 3DMAPS dan 3DEAPS menunjukkan aktiviti antioksidan yang baik berbanding dengan asid induk (asid salisilat) kerana kedua-dua sebatian ini boleh membakar 20% radikal bebas DPPH masing-masing pada kepekatan 66.76 ± 0.09 μM dan 27.27 ± 0.10 μM.

Kata kunci: cecair ionic protik, asid salisilik, perangkap radikal, radikal bebas, ujian DPPH

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