Malaysian Journal of Analytical Sciences Vol 22 No 4 (2018): 626 - 632

SYNERGISTIC EXTRACTANT FOR EXTRACTION OF REMAZOL ORANGE 3R IN LIQUID MEMBRANE FORMULATION

(Pengekstrak Sinergistik untuk Pengekstrakan Remazol Orange 3R dalam Formulasi Membran Cecair)

Hilmi Abdul Rahman¹, Norasikin Othman^1,2*, Muhammad Bukhari Rosly¹, Raja Norimie Raja Sulaiman¹, Norela Jusoh¹, Norul Fatiha Mohamed Noah¹

¹Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Chemical and Energy Engineering,

²Centre of Lipids Engineering & Applied Research (CLEAR), Ibnu Sina Institute for Scientific and Industrial Research

Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 UTM Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia

*Corresponding author: norasikin@cheme.utm.my

Received: 16 April 2017; Accepted: 7 March 2018

Abstract

Currently, various synthetic dyes are used in the textile industry and a lot of non-bonded dyes are released into the wastewater; increasing its toxicity and carcinogenicity. Liquid membrane process is one of the potential methods to eliminate these unwanted particles from the wastewater. The most crucial part of the liquid membrane process is its formulation; especially the extractant or carrier. In order to find a suitable extractant, liquid-liquid extraction process was carried out. The effect of synergistic extractant to extract the Remazol Orange 3R reactive dyes in a shorter time and at a lower concentration of extractant was investigated in this study. Several parameters have been studied such as extractant type, extractant concentration, synergist extractant type and synergist extractant concentration. The results show that, Remazol Orange 3R reactive dyes were extracted by tridodecylamine (TDA) as a base and trioctylamine (TOA) as a synergist extractant. Meanwhile, the salicyclic acid (SA) was used to protonate the TDA and TOA, and cooking palm oil was used as a diluent. The performance of extraction of reactive dyes at the 0.1 M concentration of extractant was 70% when synergistic system was applied compared to single extractant which was only 50% of the dyes have been extracted. Therefore, the synergistic extractant has a potential to be further utilised in liquid membrane studies on the extraction of reactive dyes.

Keywords: liquid membrane, liquid-liquid extraction, synergistic extractant, synergist, extractant

Abstrak

Pada masa ini, pelbagai pewarna sintetik digunakan dalam industri tekstil dan banyak pewarna tanpa terikat dilepaskan ke dalam air sisa sehingga meningkatkan kadar toksik dan karsinogenik. Proses membran cecair adalah salah satu kaedah yang berpotensi untuk menghapuskan zarah-zarah yang tidak diingini dari air sisa. Formulasi membran adalah bahagian paling penting dalam proses membran cecair; terutamanya pengekstrak atau pembawa. Bagi mencari pengekstrak yang sesuai, proses pengekstrakan cecair-cecair telah dijalankan. Kesan sinergis pengekstrak untuk mengekstrak pewarna reaktif Remazol Orange 3R dalam masa yang lebih singkat dan pada kepekatan ekstrak yang lebih rendah telah dikaji. Beberapa parameter telah dikaji seperti jenis pengekstrak, kepekatan pengekstrak, jenis pengekstrak sinergis dan kepekatan pengekstrak sinergis. Keputusan menunjukkan bahawa, pewarna reaktif Remazol Orange 3R diekstrak oleh tridodekilamina (TDA) sebagai asas dan trioktilamina (TOA) sebagai sinergis. Sementara itu, asid salisiklik (SA) digunakan untuk protonate TDA dan TOA, dan minyak kelapa sawit digunakan sebagai pelarut. Prestasi pewarna reaktif yang diekstrak adalah sebanyak 70% apabila sistem sinergistik digunakan berbanding dengan hanya satu pengekstrak digunakan yang hanya 50% daripada pewarna telah diekstrak pada kepekatan 0.1M pengekstrak. Oleh itu, pengekstrak sinergis mempunyai potensi untuk digunakan dalam kajian membran cecair pada pengekstrakan pewarna reaktif dimasa hadapan.

Kata kunci: membran cecair, pengekstrakan cecair-cecair, pengekstrak sinergistik, sinergis, pengekstrak

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