Malaysian Journal of Analytical Sciences Vol 18 No 3 (2014): 651 - 659

 

 

 

EFFECT OF REINFORCED HYBRID PALM SHELLS ON MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF POLYURETHANE-JUTE WOVEN/VINYL ESTER SANDWICH BOARD

 

(Kesan Tenunan Hibrid Biji Kering Kelapa Sawit Terhadap Sifat-sifat Mekanikal Poliuretana-Jute Wooven/Ester Vinil Papan Sandwic)

 

Teo Siew Cheng, Nurul Ain binti Nanyan, Du Ngoc Uy Lan*_, Teh Pei Leng

 

School of Materials Engineering,

Universiti Malaysia Perlis,Taman Muhibah, Jejawi, 02600 Arau, Perlis,Malaysia

 

*Corresponding author: uylan@unimap.edu.my

 

 

Abstract

A natural fiber sandwich was constructed from palm shells/polyurethane core and jute woven/vinyl ester facesheets by the in-situ sandwich process (core and panel prepared simultaneously). The polyurethane sandwich core was reinforced by hybrid shell systems of dried palm shell (DPS) and palm kernel shell (PKS) (50P-50D, 25P-75D), and single shell system of PKS (100P) as well as 20phr empty fruit bunch (EFB) based on hundred part of polyurethane. The sandwich facesheets are prepared by using two jute woven layers and impregnated by vinyl ester. Interlocking between DPS and polyurethane matrix was formed, which hence enhanced the mechanical properties. The interfacial adhesion between DPS, PKS, and EFB with the polyurethane binder played the important role to achieve high mechanical properties. It was found that hybrid shells exhibited high reinforcement for sandwich’s performance resulting better compression (50P-50D) and flexural (25P-75D) properties. The single shell 100P showed only improvement on flexural modulus.The fracture surface morphology of sandwich under mechanical test was performed by using optical microscopy.

 

Keywords: Interlocking, sandwich, palm shell, empty fruit bunch, jute woven

 

Abstrak

Sandwic serat semula jadi telah dibina dari biji kering kelapa sawit/ poliuretana teras dan jute anyaman /ester vinil melalui proses sandwic in-situ (bahagian teras dan lapisan luar disediakan pada masa yang sama). Sandwich teras poliuretana telah diperkukuhkan oleh sistem biji hibrid biji kering kelapa sawit (DPS) dan biji kelapa sawit (PKS) (50P-50D, 25P-75D), dan sistem biji tunggal PKS (100P) serta tandan buah kosong kelapa sawit (EFB) sebanyak 20phr berdasarkan bahagian per seratus poliuretena . The panel sandwich disediakan dengan menggunakan dua lapisan jute anyaman dan diimpregnat oleh vinil ester. Saling cantum antara DPS dan matriks poliuretana telah dibentuk, dimana sifat-sifat mekanikal telah dipertingkatkan. Pelekatan antaramuka antara DPS, PKS, dan EFB dengan pengikat poliuretana memainkan peranan penting untuk mencapai sifat-sifat mekanikal yang tinggi. Didapati bahawa hibrid biji menunjukkan pengukuhan yang tinggi bagi prestasi sandwich yang mengakibatkan sifat mampatan yang lebih baik (50P-50D) dan juga peningkatan dalam sifat-sifat kelenturan (25P-75D).  100P biji tunggal hanya menunjukkan peningkatan pada modulus kelenturan. Morfologi permukaan patah sandwic selepas ujian mekanikal telah dilakukan dengan menggunakan mikroskop optik.

 

Kata kunci: Interlocking, sandwic, biji kering kelapa sawit, tandan buah kosong kelapa sawit, jute wooven

 

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