Malaysian Journal of Analytical Sciences, Vol 26 No 5 (2022): 999 - 1010

 

SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC METHODS FOR DETERMINING TROLOX EQUIVALENT ANTIOXIDANT CAPACITIES OF TEA THROUGH DIFFERENT In Vitro ASSAYS

 

(Kaedah Spektrofotometrik bagi Penentuan Trolox Kapasiti Antioksida Teh Melalui

Pelbagai Ujian In Vitro)

 

Le-Thi Anh-Dao¹, Do Minh-Huy¹, Nguyen Thanh-Nho¹, Nguyen Quoc-Duy¹, Nguyen-Thi Thanh-Dieu¹,

Le Nhon-Duc², Nguyen Quang-Hieu¹, Nguyen Cong-Hau^1*

 

¹Faculty of Environmental and Food Engineering,

Nguyen Tat Thanh University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam

²Warrantek Joint Stock Company-Testing Center, Can Tho City, Vietnam

 

^*Corresponding author: nchau@ntt.edu.vn

 

 

Received: 14 April 2022; Accepted: 11 June 2022; Published: 30 October 2022

 

 

Abstract

Tea (Camellia sinensis) is among the most popular non-alcoholic beverages consumed daily in the world due to its unique taste and flavor. Tea leaves and their products have obtained significant attention because of their high antioxidant capacities. In this study, the analytical methods based on the molecular absorption spectrophotometric principle were evaluated for determining the Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacities (TEACs), including 2,2’-Azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) (ABTS) radical scavenging activity, ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), and cupric reducing antioxidant capacity (CUPRAC) in several commercial dried tea products originated from Lam Dong Province (Vietnam). Double liquid extraction in a water bath at 70 ℃ (10 min for each extraction cycle) was employed to obtain the extracts for further colorimetric reactions. The results demonstrate low limits of detection and quantification (12.3-37.3 µmol TE/L, 9.9-30.1 µmol TE/L, and 11.8-35.7 µmol TE/L for ABTS, FRAP, and CUPRAC, respectively), wide working ranges (100-700 µmol TE/L), favorable repeatability (RSD_r of 1.03-1.52%), reproducibility (RSD_R of 1.26-1.55%), and acceptable recoveries (98.0-101%) according to Appendix F of AOAC (2016). The Shewhart charts were also constructed based on the UV-Vis 1800 Shimadzu (Japan) from 21 separate working days to control the accuracy and precision of the analytical results. For tea products in Lam Dong, the TEACs of all samples in the descending order were determined as green tea > oolong tea > black tea, which could be mainly due to the differences in the oxidation levels during the fermentation. In addition, strong correlation was recorded for pairs of FRAP-CUPRAC (R² = 0.8579), ABTS-FRAP (R² = 0.8453), and ABTS-CUPRAC (R² = 0.710).

 

Keywords: tea, antioxidant capacities, 2,2’-Azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline)-6-sulphonic acid radical scavenging activity, ferric reducing antioxidant power, cupric reducing antioxidant capacity

 

Abstrak

Teh (Camellia sinensis) merupakan minuman tak beralkohol popular yang diambil setiap hari di seluruh dunia kerana keunikkan rasanya. Daun teh dan produknya mendapat perhatian penting kerana mempunyai kapasiti antioksida yang tinggi. Dalam kajian ini, kaedah analisis berasaskan prinsip spektrofotometrik serapan molekul telah dinilai bagi penentuan kapasiti antioksida setara Trolox (TEACs), termasuk cerakin pemerangkapan radikal 2,2’-Azino-bis(3-etilbenzothiazolin-6-asid sulfonik) (ABTS), kuasa antioksida penurunan ferik (FRAP) dan kapasiti antioksida penurunan kuprik (CUPRAC) di dalam pelbagai produk teh komersial berasal dari wilayah Lam Dong (Vietnam). Pengekstrakan cecair cecair di dalam rendaman air pada suhu 70 °C (10 min bagi setiap kitaran pengekstrakan) telah dibangunkan bagi tujuan memperolehi hasil ekstrak sebelum tindak balas kolorimetrik. Hasil menunjukkan had pengesanan dan pengkuantitian rendah (12.3-37.3 µmol TE/L, 9.9-30.1 µmol TE/L,dan 11.8-35.7 µmol TE/L masing-masing bagi ABTS, FRAP, dan CUPRAC), julat kelinearan (100-700 µmol TE/L), kebolehulangan (RSD_r of 1.03-1.52%), kebolehasilan semula (RSD_R of 1.26-1.55%), dan perolehan semula (98.0-101%) berdasarkan Appendix F AOAC (2016). Carta Shewhart  telah dibangunkan berdasarkan UV-Vis 1800 Shimadzu (Jepun) dari 21 hari bekerja berbeza bagi mengawal ketepatan dan kejituan hasil analisis. Bagi produk teh Lam Dong, nilai TEACs semua sampel di susun tertib menurun iaitu teh hijau > teh oolong > teh hitam, disebabkan oleh perbezaan tahap pengoksidaan semasa penapaian. Tambahan lagi, hubungkait yang kuat direkodkan bagi pasangan FRAP-CUPRAC (R² = 0.8579), ABTS-FRAP (R² = 0.8453), dan ABTS-CUPRAC (R² = 0.710).

 

Kata kunci: teh, keupayaan antioksida, ,2’-Azino-bis(3-etilbenzothiazolin-6-asid sulfonik), kuasa antioksida penurunan ferik, kapasiti antioksida penurunan kuprik

 

 

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