Malaysian Journal of Analytical Sciences Vol 25 No 5 (2021): 716 - 727

 

 

 

 

EFFECT OF PLANT ORGANS OF Ficus deltoidea IN THE SYNTHESIS OF SILVER NANOPARTICLES

 

(Kesan Organ Tumbuhan Ficus deltoidea dalam Mensintesis Nanopartikel Perak)

 

Shahrulnizahana Mohammad Din1,2, Nik Ahmad Nizam Nik Malek1,3*, Mustaffa Shamsuddin4, Juan Matmin4

 

1Department of Biosciences, Faculty of Science,

Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 UTM Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia

2Department of Chemistry Malaysia,

Johore Branch, Jalan Abdul Samad, 80100 Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia

3Centre for Sustainable Nanomaterials (CSNano), Ibnu Sina Institute for Scientific and Industrial Research (ISI-SIR)

4Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science

Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 UTM Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia

 

*Corresponding author:  niknizam@utm.my

 

 

Received: 8 September 2021 ; Accepted: 26 September 2021 ; Published:  25 October 2021

 

 

Abstract

The effect of different plant organ extracts (leaf, stem, fig and root) of Ficus deltoidea var. kunstleri (King) Corner (Mas Cotek) in the synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNP) was studied. The plant analysis using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LCMS) yielded more than 100 phytochemical compounds in each organ, of which around 50 % belong to the phenolics, flavonoids and polyphenols compounds. The biomarker compounds (vitexin and isovitexin) were only found in the leaf, and Total Phenolic Content (TPC), as well as Total Flavonoid Content (TFC) were observed to be the highest in fig compared to other organs. The localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) of the biosynthesised AgNP using all organs was found at 409 to 428 nm. The capping and stabilization of AgNP by phytochemical compounds were verified by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy as the vibration and stretching of -NH, -CH3, -CH2, -CH, C=O and -OH functional groups were found. There was a high abundance of phytochemical compounds in each organ: gallic acid, kaempferol-3-(6''-caffeoylglucoside), quercetin-3-O-rhamnoside and kaempferol 3-(3'',4''-diacetylrhamnoside) in leaf, stem, fig and root, respectively. These compounds belong to the phenolics, flavonoids and polyphenols groups responsible for reducing Ag+ to Ag0 (AgNP). The results indicated that the fig which contained the highest TPC and TFC formed the highest LSPR peak for the formation of AgNP. The most important finding was the ability of each plant organ of F. deltoidea in the AgNP biosynthesis.

 

Keywords:  plant organs, Ficus deltoidea, biosynthesis, nanoparticles

 

Abstrak

Kesan ekstrak organ tumbuhan yang berbeza (daun, batang, ara dan akar) dari pokok Ficus deltoidea var. kunstleri (King) Corner (Mas Cotek) dalam mensintesis nanopartikel perak (AgNP) dianalisis dalam kajian ini. Analisis pokok menggunakan spektometri jisim kromatografi cecair (LC-MS) menemui lebih dari 100 sebatian fitokimia di setiap organ, di mana sekitar 50% tergolong dalam sebatian fenolik, flavonoid dan polifenol. Sebatian penanda bio (vitexin dan isovitexin) hanya terdapat pada daun, dan kandungan jumlah fenolik (TPC) serta kandungan jumlah flavonoid (TFC) diperhatikan pada bahagian ara adalah tertinggi berbanding organ lain. Resonans plasmon permukaan setempat (LSPR) bagi AgNP biosintesis menggunakan semua organ didapati dalam lingkungan 409 hingga 428 nm. Pembatasan dan penstabilan AgNP oleh sebatian fitokimia disahkan oleh spektroskopi inframerah transformasi Fourier (FTIR) sebagai getaran dan perenggangan kumpulan berfungsi -NH, -CH3, -CH2, -CH, C=O dan -OH di kesan. Terdapat sebilangan besar bahan fitokimia di setiap organ iaitu galik asid, kaempferol-3-(6"-kafeglukosida), quersetin-3-O-ramnosida dan kaempferol 3-(3",4"-diasetilramnosida) di bahagian daun, batang, ara dan akar masing-masing. Sebatian ini tergolong dalam kumpulan fenolik, flavonoid dan polifenol yang bertanggungjawab untuk penurunan Ag+ ke Ag0 (AgNP). Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahagian ara yang mengandungi TPC dan TFC tertinggi membentuk puncak LSPR tertinggi untuk pembetukan AgNP. Penemuan yang paling penting adalah kemampuan setiap organ pokok F. deltoidea dalam biosintesis AgNP.

 

Kata kunci:  organ tumbuhan, Ficus deltoidea, biosintesis, partikel-nano

 

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