Malaysian Journal of Analytical Sciences Vol 24 No 6 (2020): 940 - 953

 

 

 

 

STABILITY AND ANTIBACTERIAL PROPERTIES OF GREEN SYNTHESIS SILVER NANOPARTICLES USING Nephelium lappaceum PEEL EXTRACT

 

(Kestabilan dan Ciri Antibakteria bagi Sintesis Hijau Nanopartikel Perak Menggunakan Ekstrak Kulit Nephelium lappaceum)

 

Nor Syazwanie Mohd Saidi1, Hanis Mohd Yusoff1,2*, Irshad Ul Haq Bhat1,2, Suganthi Appalasamy3,4, Alia Diyana Mohamed Hassim3, Farhanini Yusoff1, Asnuzilawati Asari1,2, Nurul Huda Abdul Wahab1,2

 

1Faculty of Science and Marine Environment, Faculty of Science and Marine Environment

 2Advanced Nano Materials (ANoMa) Research Group, Faculty of Science and Marine Environment

 Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia

3Institute of Food Security and sustainable Agriculture

4Faculty of Earth Science

Universiti Malaysia Kelantan, 17600 Jeli Campus, Kelantan, Malaysia

 

*Corresponding author:  hanismy@umt.edu.my

 

 

Received: 10 August 2020; Accepted: 9 October 2020; Published:  10 December 2020

 

 

Abstract

Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are known for its easy production with wide range of applications. The production can involve chemical, physical, biological and photochemical methods. For production of AgNPs using biological method, the synthesis normally involves plants, bacteria or other potential reducing agents that can control the size of AgNPs. In this study, Nephelium lappaceum or also known as rambutan peel was used as a reducing agent. Nephelium lappaceum extract was added to AgNO3 (1 mM) solution and stirred for 1 hour. Three sets of synthesis were carried out to see the reproducibility and stability of the AgNPs. The solution obtained was analyzed by using Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), UV-Vis spectrophotometer and scanning electron microscope (SEM). The stability of the obtained AgNPs was observed and compared with AgNPs synthesized by using the chemical method. FTIR spectra showed O-H, C-H, C=O and C=C stretching at 3361 cm-1, 2090 cm-1, 1637 cm-1 and 1367 cm-1, respectively. The wavelength of UV-Vis obtained for the 3 sets of green synthesis is at 452 nm. The appearance of the peak around 452 nm due to the surface plasmon resonance band confirmed the formation of AgNPs. SEM images showed a mixture of spherical shapes that were agglomerated with size range of about 40 to 200 nm. The antibacterial study performed on AgNPs produced from Nephelium lappaceum peel extract was found to exhibited antibacterial activity on both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria.

 

Keywords:  green synthesis, reducing agent, green AgNPs, antibacterial, rambutan peel

 

Abstrak

Nanopartikel perak (AgNPs) dikenali dengan penghasilannya yang mudah dan aplikasi yang meluas. Kaedah penghasilan tersebut merangkumi kimia, fizikal, biologi dan fotokimia. Bagi penghasilan AgNPs menggunakan kaedah biologi, sintesis ini kebiasaannya melibatkan tumbuhan, bakteria atau agen penurunan lain yang berpotensi mengawal saiz AgNPs. Dalam kajian ini, Nephelium lappaceum atau dikenali juga sebagai kulit rambutan telah digunakan sebagai agen penurunan. Ekstrak Nephelium lappaceum telah ditambah kepada larutan AgNO3 (1 mM) dan dikacau selama 1 jam. Tiga set sintesis telah dijalankan untuk melihat kebolehterbitan dan kestabilan AgNPs. Larutan yang diperolehi telah dianalisa menggunakan spektrometer infra merah transformasi Fourier (FTIR), spektrofotometer tampak UV (UV-Vis) dan mikroskop imbasan elektron (SEM). Kestabilan larutan AgNPs yang diperolehi telah dikaji dan dibandingkan dengan AgNPs yang disintesis menggunakan teknik kimia. Spektra FTIR telah menunjukkan kewujudan regangan O-H, C-H, C=O dan C=C masing-masing adalah pada 3361 cm-1, 2090 cm-1, 1637 cm-1 dan 1367 cm-1. Panjang gelombang UV-Vis bagi ketiga-tiga set adalah pada 452 nm. Kewujudan puncak sekitar 452 nm adalah disebabkan oleh jalur resonansi plasmon permukaan yang membuktikan pembentukan AgNPs. Imej SEM menunjukkan campuran bentuk sfera dan aglomerasi dengan anggaran saiz sekitar 40 hingga 200 nm. Kajian antibakteria telah dilakukan terhadap AgNPs yang dihasilkan daripada ekstrak kulit Nephelium lappaceum didapati menunjukkan aktiviti antibakteria pada kedua-dua bakteria Gram-positif dan Gram-negatif.

 

Kata kunci:  sintesis hijau, agen penurun, AgNPs hijau, antibakteria, kulit rambutan

 

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