Malaysian Journal of Analytical Sciences Vol 23 No 6 (2019): 1018 - 1029

DOI: 10.17576/mjas-2019-2306-10

 

 

 

 

THE COMBINED EFFECT OF ZINC AND pH ON GROWTH RATE AND CHLOROPHYLL CONTENT OF BROWN SEAWEED, Padina boryana

 

(Kesan Gabungan Zink dan pH ke Atas Kadar Pertumbuhan dan Kandungan Klorofil Rumpai Laut Perang, Padina boryana)

 

Nabeela Ali Nasser Al-Awlaqi¹*, Noor Azhar Mohamed Shazili¹, Nurulnadia Mohd Yusoff²

 

¹Institute of Oceanography and Environment

²Faculty of Science and Marine Environment

Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia

 

*Corresponding author:  Nabeela.awlaqi@gmail.com

 

 

Received: 30 October 2018; Accepted: 26 September 2019

 

 

Abstract

Brown seaweed, Padina boryana is found along the coast of Terengganu, Malaysia and may serve as a potential heavy metal biomonitor in the coastal zones. To better understand the impact of heavy metal pollution on P. boryana at varying seawater pH levels, the combined effect of zinc (Zn) and pH on its growth rate and chlorophyll content was investigated in laboratory exposures. After exposure for 21 days in a mixed treatment of 6 pH variations (4 to 9) and three Zn concentrations (30, 150, 300 ppb), maximum growth rate was observed in controlled treatments at pH 8 with no added Zn, whereas treatments at pH 4 and 9 showed negative growth rates after 18 days. The growth rate and chlorophyll content of P. boryana decreased significantly with an increase in Zn concentration. At pH 6, 7 and 8, P. boryana showed significant decreases (p < 0.05) in growth rates and chlorophyll content in all concentrations of Zn compared with control plants (no Zn). At pH of 6.0 and below, controls were also affected with significantly reduced growth rates and chlorophyll contents while Zn treated seaweed showed significant effects compared to these controls. The effect of pH and Zn on all measured factors was obvious on Day 6 onwards, whereas the interaction effect between them was significant on chlorophyll content throughout the experiment. From Day 9 onwards, the growth rate and chlorophyll content showed significant correlation among each other.

 

Keywords:  brown seaweed, Padina boryana, zinc, pH, growth

 

Abstrak

Rumpai laut Perang, Padina boryana ditemui di sepanjang pantai Terengganu, Malaysia dan boleh menjadi biopemantau logam berat yang berpotensi di kawasan pantai. Untuk lebih memahami kesan pencemaran logam berat terhadap P. boryana pada pH air laut yang berbeza, kesan gabungan zink (Zn) dan pH terhadap kadar pertumbuhan dan kandungan klorofil telah disiasat dalam makmal. Selepas pendedahan selama 21 hari dalam rawatan campuran 6 variasi pH (4 hingga 9) dan tiga kepekatan Zn (30, 150, 300 ppb), kadar pertumbuhan maksimum diperhatikan dalam rawatan kawalan pada pH 8 tanpa tambahan Zn, manakala rawatan di pH 4 dan 9 menunjukkan kadar pertumbuhan negatif selepas 18 hari. Kadar pertumbuhan, kandungan klorofil P. boryana menurun dengan ketara dengan peningkatan kepekatan Zn. Pada pH 6, 7 dan 8, P. boryana menunjukkan penurunan ketara (p < 0.05) dalam kadar pertumbuhan, kandungan klorofil dalam semua kepekatan Zn berbanding dengan rawatan kawalan (tiada Zn). Pada pH 6.0 dan ke bawah, rumpai laut dalam rawatan kawalan juga terjejas dengan kadar pertumbuhan dan kandungan klorofil yang merosot manakala rumpai laut yang didedah kepada Zn menunjukkan kesan yang lebih ketara berbanding dengan rawatan kawalan. Kesan pH dan Zn terhadap semua faktor yang diukur adalah jelas pada hari ke-6 dan seterusnya, manakala kesan interaksi di antara mereka adalah signifikan terhadap kandungan klorofil di sepanjang eksperimen. Pada hari ke-9 dan seterusnya, kadar pertumbuhan dan kandungan klorofil menunjukkan korelasi yang signifikan antara satu sama lain.

 

Kata kunci:  rumpai laut perang, Padina boryana, zink, pH, pertumbuhan

 

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