Malaysian Journal of Analytical Sciences Vol 22 No 4 (2018): 702 - 714

DOI: 10.17576/mjas-2018-2204-17

 

 

 

LIQUID MEMBRANE COMPONENT SELECTION FOR REMOVAL OF PHENOL FROM SIMULATED AQUEOUS WASTE SOLUTION

 

(Pemilihan Komponen Cecair Membran untuk Pembuangan Fenol daripada Air Sisa)

 

Muhammad Bukhari Rosly1, Norasikin Othman1,2*, Hilmi Abdul Rahman1

 

1Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Chemical and Energy Engineering

2Centre of Lipid Engineering and Applied Research, Ibnu Sina Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research

Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 UTM Skudai, Johor, Malaysia

 

*Corresponding author:  norasikin@cheme.utm.my

 

 

Received: 16 April 2017; Accepted: 7 March 2018

 

 

Abstract

Phenol is considered as one of the environmental pollutants in various industrial effluents that needs to be removed. One of the potential methods for the removal and recovery of phenol is the emulsion liquid membrane (ELM) process. In order to prepare a stable and efficient emulsion liquid membrane, selecting the components of the membrane is crucial to the process development. This research was conducted to investigate the feasibility of palm oil as an organic solvent in liquid membrane (LM) formulation for phenol extraction and to study the effects of several parameters which affect the extraction and recovery performance of phenol using liquid-liquid extraction. The feasibility of palm oil was investigated by manipulating the organic solvent used, either palm oil or a mixture of palm oil and kerosene. Several parameters such as type of carrier, carrier concentration, type of stripping agent and stripping agent concentration were varied during LM component selection. The results showed that mixed palm oil and kerosene provides a high potential as an organic solvent for the extraction of phenol. About 71% of phenol was extracted at a palm oil to kerosene ratio of 70:30 and assisted with shorter time of phase separation between loaded organic and phenol feed phase. The addition of 0.1M of TBP (tributyl phosphate) as a carrier increased the extraction of phenol to 86% and prevented the third phase formation. Meanwhile, 2M of sodium hydroxide was able to act as a stripping agent to recover 81% of the phenol from the overall process. It can be concluded that palm oil has shown great potential in extracting phenol and could be applied in an ELM process as a green solvent for an emulsion liquid membrane process.

 

Keywords:  phenol, wastewater, liquid membrane components selection, liquid-liquid extraction, organic solvent

 

Abstrak

Fenol dipertimbangkan sebagai salah satu bahan pencemar daripada air sisa buangan industri yang perlu dirawat. Salah satu kaedah yang berpotensi untuk penyingkiran dan pemulihan fenol adalah proses emulsi membran cecair (ELM). Pemilihan komponen membran adalah penting untuk membentuk emulsi membran cecair yang stabil dan cekap. Kajian ini dijalankan untuk mengkaji kebolehan minyak kelapa sawit sebagai pelarut organik dalam membran cecair (LM) untuk pengekstrakan fenol dan untuk mengkaji kesan terhadap beberapa parameter yang mempengaruhi pengekstrakan dan pemulihan fenol menggunakan pengekstrakan cecair-cecair. Kesesuaian minyak kelapa sawit dikaji dengan memanipulasi pelarut organik yang digunakan, sama ada minyak kelapa sawit atau campuran minyak kelapa sawit dan kerosin. Beberapa parameter seperti jenis pembawa, kepekatan pembawa, jenis agen pelucut dan kepekatan agen pelucut diubah semasa pemilihan komponen LM. Keputusan menunjukkan bahawa campuran minyak sawit dan kerosin berpotensi tinggi sebagai pelarut organik dalam pengekstrakan fenol. Kira-kira 71% fenol diekstrak oleh campuran minyak kelapa sawit dan kerosin yang bernisbah 70:30 dengan kadar masa pemisahan fasa yang lebih pendek di antara fasa organik yang mempunyai fenol dan fasa suapan. Penambahan 0.1M TBP (tributil fosfat) sebagai pembawa meningkatkan pengekstrakan fenol kepada 86% dan menghalang pembentukan fasa ketiga. Sementara itu, 2M natrium hidroksida mampu bertindak sebagai agen pelucutan untuk mendapatkan 81% daripada fenol daripada keseluruhan proses. Dapat disimpulkan bahawa minyak sawit telah menunjukkan potensi yang besar dalam mengekstrak fenol dan boleh digunakan dalam proses ELM sebagai pelarut hijau untuk proses emulsi membran cecair.

 

Kata kunci:  fenol, air sisa, pemilihan komponen membran cecair, pengekstrakan cecair-cecair, pelarut organik

 

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