Malaysian Journal of Analytical Sciences Vol 22
No 4 (2018): 579 - 585
DOI:
10.17576/mjas-2018-2204-02
CHEMICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF Berberis
vulgaris L. var. asperma EDIBLE
BERRIES
(Pencirian Kimia Buah Beri Boleh di Makan Berberis vulgaris L. var. asperma)
1Chemistry Department
2Molecular Science Unit Laboratory, Center for Natural Science and Environmental Research
De La Salle University, 2401 Taft Avenue, Manila 1004,
Philippines
*Corresponding
author: maria.carmen.tan@dlsu.edu.ph
Received: 11
January 2018; Accepted: 4 June 2018
Abstract
Berberis vulgaris L. var. asperma edible fruits have been found to have activity against
several microbes and to be cytotoxic in certain immortalized cancer cell lines.
In this study, the berries were analyzed to find the possible metabolites that
could be the curative agents. Evaluations using an LC-UV/MS technique
established the presence of chlorogenic acid, rutin, and berberine in ethanolic
extracts of B. vulgaris berries. The
ethanolic sample was found to have 47.1 mg/kg of 3-(3,4-dihydroxycinnamoyl)
quinic acid, 0.02 mg/kg of rutin and 0.36 mg/kg of berberine. The free radical
scavenging activity of the mixture of polyphenolics exhibited an IC50
at 34.48 µg/mL. An assessment of zinc and iron concentration using atomic
absorbance spectrophotometry (AAS) was determined to be 45.3 and 198.1 mg/kg,
respectively. The investigation of the volatile constituents through solid
phase microextraction (SPME) and by dichloromethane extraction was explored
using a gas chromatograph equipped with a mass spectrometer (GC-EI-MS). SPME
analyses showed the presence of palmitic acid (C16:0), vaccenic acid (C18:1 Δ 11
trans) and stearic acid (C18:0). Three saturated fatty acids, SFAs (C14:0, C16:0,
and C18:0), two methyl esters of the SFAs (C14:0 and C16:0), and one
polyunsaturated fatty acid, PUFA (C18:2 Δ 9,12 cis) were detected in the
dichloromethane extracts of the berries.
Keywords:
atomic absorption
spectroscopy, Berberis vulgaris, mass spectrometry
Abstrak
Buah yang boleh dimakan Berberis vulgaris L. var. asperma
telah diketahui mempunyai aktiviti melawan beberapa jenis mikrob and
menjadi sitotoksik di dalam sesetengah titisan sel kekal. Dalam kajian ini,
buah beri dianalisis untuk mencari kebarangkalian metabolit yang boleh
digunakan sebagai agen penawar. Penilaian menggunakan teknik LC-UV/MS
dibangunkan untuk mengesan kehadiran asid klorogenik, rutin dan berberin di
dalam ekstrak beri B.vulgaris. Sampel
etanolik ditemui mengandungi 47.1 mg/kg 3- (3,4 – dihidroksisinamoil) asid
quinik, 0.02 mg/kg rutin dan 0.36 mg/kg berberin. Pemerangkapan aktiviti
radikal bebas bagi campuran polifenolik wujud pada IC50
34.48 µg/mL. Penilaian kepekatan zink dan besi menggunakan spektrofotometri serapan
atom (AAS) telah ditentukan dengan masing-masing ialah 45.3 dan 198.1 mg/kg. Penyiasatan
terhadap jujukan sebatian merupa dilakukan menggunakan pengekstrakan mikro fasa
pepejal (SPME) dan pengekstrakan diklorometana sebelum di analisis menggunakan
kromatograf gas dilengkapi spektrometer jisim (GC-EI-MS). Analisis SPME
menunjukkan kehadiran asid palmitik (C16:0), asid vasenik (C18:1 Δ 11 trans) dan asid
stearik (C18:0). Tiga asid lemak tepu, SFAs (C14:0, C16:0, dan C18:0), dua
metal ester SFAs (C14:0 and C16:0), and satu asid lemak politaktepu, PUFA
(C18:2 Δ 9,12 cis) telah dikesan di dalam ekstrak diklorometana buah beri.
Kata kunci: spektroskopi serapan atom, Berberis vulgaris, spektrometri jisim
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