Malaysian Journal of Analytical Sciences Vol 22 No 2 (2018): 318 - 325

Granulation of Mefenamic Acid and Poly-Ethylene Glycol (PEG) using Pressure Swing Granulation (PSG) Technique in Fluidized Bed

(Pembentukan Granul Berasaskan Asid Mefenamik dan Polietilena Glikol (PEG) Menggunakan Teknik Pengranulan Tekanan Terayun dalam Turus Terbendalir)

Salinda Ab Ghani ¹, Noor Fitrah Abu Bakar ¹*, Mohd Rushdi Abu Bakar ², Yus Aniza Yusof ³, Norazah Abd Rahman¹

¹Faculty of Chemical Engineering,

Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450 Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia

²Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Kulliyyah of Pharmacy,

International Islamic University Malaysia, Bandar Indera Mahkota, 25200 Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia

³Department of Process and Food Engineering, Faculty of Engineering,

Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia

*Corresponding author: fitrah@salam.uitm.edu.my

Received: 15 February 2017; Accepted: 2 January 2018

Abstract

Granulation of mefenamic acid particles was conducted to produce spherical shape, narrow size distribution of granules, high granule strength and good content uniformity by using Pressure Swing Granulation (PSG) technique in a fluidized bed. Two types (binderless and with binder) of granules namely lactose-mefenamic acid (MA) and lactose-polyethylene glycol (PEG)-(MA) with mass ratio of 30:70 and 25:5:70 were produced respectively. The later type of granules was heated for 80 ˚C, above the PEG melting point. Results indicated that all granules were uniform, spherical and narrow size distribution with the average granules size was less than 500 μm. The tensile strength of the lactose-PEG-MA was higher than the lactose-MA due to heating process. The tensile strength of lactose-PEG-MA and lactose-MA with average granules size of 500 μm were 0.42 MPa and 0.33 MPa, respectively. The drug contents in both types of granules were uniform i.e. around 70 ± 0.3 wt.%.

Keywords: mefenamic acid, lactose, polyethylene glycol, pressure swing granulation

Abstrak

Pembentukan granul zarah asid mefenamik telah dijalankan untuk menghasilkan bentuk bulat, taburan saiz granul yang kecil, kekuatan granul dan keseragaman kandungan yang baik dengan menggunakan teknik pengranulan terbendalir (PSG). Dua jenis granul (tanpa perekat dan dengan perekat) iaitu laktosa-asid mefenamik (MA) dan laktosa-polietilena glikol (PEG)-(MA) dengan nisbah jisim masing-masing adalah 30:70 dan 25:5:70. Granul kemudian dipanaskan pada 80 °C, melebihi takat lebur PEG. Keputusan menunjukkan bahawa semua granul yang terhasil adalah seragam, taburan saiz granul adalah sempit dengan saiz purata granul adalah kurang daripada 500 µm. Kekuatan tegangan laktosa-PEG-MA adalah lebih tinggi daripada laktosa-MA disebabkan oleh proses pemanasan semasa pengranulan. Kekuatan tegangan laktosa PEG-MA dan laktosa-MA dengan saiz granul purata 500 mikron masing-masing adalah 0.42 MPa dan 0.33 MPa. Kandungan MA dalam kedua-dua jenis granul adalah seragam iaitu sekitar peratusan jisim 70 ± 0.3 wt.%.

Kata kunci: acid mefenamik, laktosa, polietilena glikol, pengranulan tekanan terayun

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