Malaysian Journal of Analytical Sciences Vol 22 No 1 (2018): 1 - 7

DOI: https://doi.org/10.17576/mjas-2018-2201-01

 

 

 

SIMPLE µ-SOLID PHASE EXTRACTION USING C18 FILM FOR THE EXTRACTION OF POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS IN COFFEE BEVERAGE

 

(Pengekstrakan µ-Fasa Pepejal yang Mudah Menggunakan Filem C18 untuk Pengekstrakan Hidrokarbon Aromatik Polisiklik dalam Minuman Kopi)

 

Saw Hong Loh1*, Pei Ee Neoh1, Chee Tung Tai1, Sazlinda Kamaruzaman2

 

1School of Marine and Environmental Sciences,

 Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia

2Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science,

Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia

 

*Corresponding author: lohsh@umt.edu.my

 

 

Received: 6 July 2017; Accepted: 15 August 2017

 

 

Abstract

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are produced as by-products in the coffee roasting process. A simple and efficient micro-solid phase extraction (µ-SPE) procedure coupled with high performance liquid chromatography and fluorescence detection has been developed for the simultaneous analysis of selected PAHs, namely phenanthrene (PHE) and benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) in coffee beverage. The method offered trace detection limits in the range of 0.003 to 0.1 µg/L and good relative recovery average in the range of 88.3 to 95.7%. The µ-SPE procedure has been simplified by employing C18 film as an adsorbent. The method is beneficial in terms of rapidity, simple operation, in-expensive, consumption of micro volumes of solvent and biodegradable agarose film as the adsorbent holder. The method was then applied to analyse five coffee beverage samples and the results indicated the presence of BaP in the range of 1.0 to 1.9 µg/L.

 

Keywords:  agarose, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, coffee, C18, micro-solid phase extraction

 

Abstrak

Hidrokarbon aromatik polisiklik (PAHs) dihasilkan sebagai produk sampingan dalam proses memanggang kopi. Suatu prosedur pengekstrakan mikro-fasa pepejal (µ-SPE) yang mudah dan cekap bergabung dengan kromatografi cecair berprestasi tinggi dan pengesanan pendarfluor telah dibangunkan untuk analisis serentak PAHs terpilih, iaitu fenanterena (PHE) dan benzo[a]pirena (BaP) dalam minuman kopi. Kaedah ini menawarkan had pengesanan surih dalam julat 0.003 hingga 0.1 µg/L dan purata perolehan semula relatif yang baik dalam julat 88.3 hingga 95.7%. Prosedur µ-SPE ini telah diringkaskan dengan menggunakan filem C18 sebagai penjerap. Kaedah ini berfaedah daripada aspek ianya cepat, beroperasi mudah, tidak mahal, penggunaan isipadu pelarut yang mikro dan filem agarosa yang terdegradasi-bio sebagai pemegang penjerap. Kaedah ini kemudian diaplikasikan untuk menganalisa lima sampel minuman kopi dan keputusan menunjukkan kehadiran BaP dalam julat 1.0 hingga 1.9 µg/L.

 

Kata kunci:  agarosa, hidrokarbon aromatik polisiklik, kopi, C18, pengekstrakan mikro-fasa pepejal

 

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