The
Malaysian Journal of Analytical Sciences Vol 17 No 2 (2013): 310 – 325
SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC
DETERMINATION OF LAMOTRIGINE IN PHARMACEUTICAL PREPARATIONS AND URINE SAMPLES
USING BROMOTHYMOL BLUE AND BROMOPHENOL BLUE
(Penentuan
Spektrofotometrik Lamotrigina dalam Persediaan Farmaseutikal dan Sampel Urin Mengunakan
Bromotimol Biru dan Bromofenol Biru)
Fadhil M. Najib*, Kosar H. H. Aziz
Chemistry
Department, College of Science,
Sulaimani
University, Sulaimani, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
*Corresponding author: fadhil.najib@univsul.net
Abstract
Two simple and sensitive spectrophotometric
methods have been developed for the determination of the antiepileptic drug
lamotrigine (LMT) in pharmaceutical preparations and urine samples. The methods are based on the interaction of
LMT with two sulphonphthalein dyes, namely, bromothymol blue (BTB) and
bromophenol blue (BPB) in dichloromethane (DCM) medium to form stable and
yellow-colored ion-pairs with λmax 410 and 413 nm
respectively. The ion-pair LMT-BPB has been extracted from aqueous solutions at
pH 3.25±0.25 using DCM; while LMT-BTB ion-pair was directly prepared in DCM. Interferences from the compounds of the urine
samples, in case of LMT-BPB were removed using a suppressing solution (S.S.)
prepared from the salts of the interfering ions. In LMT-BTB method, the urine of normal person
not taking LMT, was used as a blank to remove the effect of interferences. Under optimum conditions, the calibration
curve of LMT-BTB was linear over the range of 1–12 µg.ml-1, ε =1.97×104 L.mole-1.cm-1, r2 = 0.9983, and D.L of 0.13
µg.ml-1. The corresponding values for (LMT-BPB) ion-pair were 0.5–12
µg.ml-1 linear range, ε
=1.92× 104, r2= 0.9980, and D.L= 0.24 µg.ml-1. The stoichiometry of the ion-pairs were found to be 1:1, based on Job’s , mole
ratio and slope ratio methods. The
recoveries (%R) for both methods were in the range of 97%-101.8% and 95%-97.1%
with RSD ≤ 1.68% and 3.1% respectively.
For LMT- spiked urine samples, the recoveries were 98.5%- 106.6% with
RSD ≤ 1.66%. Interferences from phenobarbital and carbamazepine were in
the range of 25 – 40 folds. Statistical
comparison of the results with a published method using F and t-tests showed no
significant differences between each of the two methods and the reported one at
95% confidence level. A standard
addition method, gave high accuracy with LMT-BPB method. The proposed methods were successfully
applied for the determination of LMT in pharmaceutical preparation and urine
samples.
Keywords: lamotrigine, bromothymol blue, bromophenol blue, farmaceutical
formulation, urine sample
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