Malaysian Journal of Analytical Sciences, Vol 28 No 6 (2024): 1308 - 1322

 

REVIEW ON THE APPLICATION OF DUMMY TEMPLATE MOLECULARLY IMPRINTED POLYMER ADSORBENT IN FOODS SAMPLES

 

(Ulasan Mengenai Penggunaan Polimer Tercetak Molekul Templat Dami Sebagai Penjerap dalam Sampel Makanan)

 

Noorhafira Ismail1, Rania Edrees Adam Mohamad1,2, Nur Hidayah Sazali1, Noorfatimah Yahaya3, and Mazidatulakmam Miskam1*

 

1School of Chemical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 USM Minden, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia

2College of Engineering, Qatar University, 2713, Doha, Qatar

3Department of Toxicology, Advanced Medical and Dental Institute (AMDI), Universiti Sains Malaysia, 13200 Bertam, Kepala Batas, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia

 

*Corresponding author: mazidatul@usm.my

 

 

Received: 2 July 2024; Accepted: 26 September 2024; Published:  29 December 2024

 

 

Abstract

A major concern was raised as several contaminants including pesticides, pharmaceuticals, and food additives that presence in foods and beverages and induce major effects in humans and food safety. Owing to significant matrix effects, current techniques for identifying harmful substances in food have significant disadvantages. New ‘intelligent’ adsorbents based on molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) that exhibits high selectivity and affinity towards targeted contaminants have been developed. The adsorption/desorption kinetics are unfavorable, and mass transfer slows down due to poor site accessibility of the targeted molecules and the heterogeneous distribution of binding sites. Furthermore, the majority of the typical MIPs were made using a single template, whose recognition sites were only for one template molecule were unable to demonstrate high affinity and selectivity for multiple analogues due to the limited capacity and selectivity of typical MIPs. To overcome these shortcomings, dummy-template MIP (DMIP) was prepared by employing similar chemical structures with the targeted analytes as the templates to enhance the selectivity. This review discusses the selection of each component involved in molecular imprinting and its application in various extraction techniques. The related challenges are also described to provide insights for future research focusing on DMIPs for contaminants in food samples.

 

Keywords: dummy template, molecularly imprinted polymer, food additives, pesticides, veterinary drugs

 

Abstrak

Kewujudan bahan cemar seperti racun perosak, farmaseutikal, dan bahan penambah dalam makanan dan minuman telah menimbulkan kebimbangan yang tinggi, terhadap kesihatan manusia dan keselamatan makanan. Teknik penentuan bahan berbahaya dalam makanan mempamerkan kelemahan disebabkan oleh kesan matriks makanan. Penjerap "pintar" baharu yang terdiri daripada polimer tercetak molekul (MIP) berdasarkan templat dami telah dibangunkan. Teknik ini menunjukkan tahap kepilihan dan daya tarikan yang tinggi terhadap bahan cemar yang disasarkan. Kinetik penjerapan/nyahjerapan tidak memuaskan menjadikan proses pemindahan jisim menjadi perlahan. Ini kerana, pengedaran tapak pengikatan yang berbeza dan kebolehcapaian tapak molekul yang disasarkan adalah lemah. Selain itu, kebanyakan MIP kebiasaannya menggunakan satu templat yang menyebabkan tapak pengecaman hanya sesuai untuk satu molekul templat dan tidak dapat menghasilkan daya tarikan dan selektiviti yang tinggi untuk berbilang analog disebabkan kapasiti dan kepilihan MIP biasa yang terhad. Maka, penyediaan MIP berdasarkan templat dami (DMIP) menggunakan struktur kimia yang serupa dengan sasaran analit sebagai templat untuk meningkatkan selektiviti adalah kaedah penting untuk mengatasi kelemahan ini. Ulasan ini membincangkan pemilihan setiap komponen yang terlibat dalam pencetakan molekul dipilih dan penggunaan dalam pelbagai kaedah pengekstrakan. Selain itu, ulasan ini juga membentangkan perspektif dalam menghadapi cabaran yang berkaitan DMIP untuk penyelidikan masa depan bagi bahan cemar dalam sampel makanan. 

 

Kata kunci: templat dami, polimer tercetak molekul, bahan penambah makanan, racun perosak, ubat veterinar

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