Malaysian Journal of Analytical Sciences, Vol 28 No 4 (2024): 927 - 938

DUAL SACCHARIDES: HOW DO THEY INFLUENCE BACTERIAL CELLULOSE PRODUCTION AND MECHANICAL PROPERTIES?

(Dwi-Sakarida: Bagaimana Ia Mempengaruhi Pengeluaran dan Sifat Mekanik

Selulosa Bakteria?)

Nurul Nadhirah Ruzelan and Azila Adnan^*

Faculty of Science and Marine Environment, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia

^*Corresponding author: azila.adnan@umt.edu.my

Received: 12 March 2024; Accepted: 4 June 2024; Published: 27 August 2024

Abstract

Bacterial cellulose (BC) production has become more popular over the past few years and has been widely used as an alternative in diverse applications. The most prominently discussed is biomedical applications. Due to its popularity and high demand for biomaterials in that particular application, BC has been focusing on its production and mechanical properties that align with the industries’ biomedical demands. This study aimed to investigate the effects of dual-saccharides on BC production and its mechanical properties. Monosaccharides and disaccharides such as glucose, fructose, sucrose, lactose and maltose were used as carbon source combinations and how these dual-saccharides affect the production and properties of BC. Bacterial K. xylinus can utilise dual-saccharides glucose+lactose to produce BC, based on the BC coefficient (g/g). The saccharide combinations of glucose+lactose gave the highest BC production with 0.15 (g) of final weight. Bacterial K. xylinus can fully utilise dual-saccharides glucose+lactose based on the BC coefficient, 0.007 (g/g). Upon drying, the purified BC was characterised using scanning electron microscope (SEM), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) methods. Hence, combining dual-saccharides into the culture medium can enhance BC's production and mechanical properties for wound healing applications.

Keywords: bacterial cellulose, dual-saccharides, properties, biomedical applications, Komagataeibacter xylinus

Abstrak

Pengeluaran selulosa bakteria (SB) menjadi lebih terkenal sejak beberapa tahun kebelakangan ini dan telah digunakan secara meluas sebagai alternatif dalam pelbagai aplikasi. Aplikasi bioperubatan merupakan aplikasi yang kerap dibincangkan. Disebabkan populariti dan permintaan yang tinggi untuk biobahan dalam aplikasi tertentu, SB telah berfokus pada pengeluaran dan sifat mekanikalnya yang sejajar dengan permintaan industry bioperubatan. Kajian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji kesan dwi-sakarida ke atas pengeluaran SB dan sifat mekanikalnya. Monosakarida dan disakarida seperti glukosa, fruktosa, sukrosa, laktosa dan maltosa digunakan sebagai gabungan sumber karbon dan bagaimana dwi-sakarida ini mempengaruhi pengeluaran dan sifat SB itu sendiri. Bakteria K. xylinus boleh menggunakan dwi-sakarida glukosa+laktosa untuk menghasilkan SB, berdasarkan pekali SB (g/g). Gabungan sakarida glukosa+laktosa menghasilkan SB tertinggi dengan 0.15 (g) berat akhir. Bakteria K. xylinus boleh menggunakan sepenuhnya dwi-sakarida glukosa+laktosa berdasarkan pekali SB, 0.007 (g/g). Selepas pengeringan, SB yang telah ditulenkan menjalani pencirian menggunakan kaedah mikroskop imbasan elektron (SEM), transformasi fourier inframerah (FTIR) dan kaedah pembelauan sinar-X (XRD). Oleh itu, penggabungan dwi-sakarida dalam medium kultur boleh meningkatkan pengeluaran SB dan sifat mekanikal untuk aplikasi penyembuhan luka.

Kata kunci: selulosa bakteria, dwi-sakarida, ciri-ciri, aplikasi biomedikal, Komagataeibacter xylinus

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