Malaysian Journal of Analytical Sciences, Vol 28 No 2 (2024): 397 411

AN INSIGHT INTO PINEAPPLE PEEL WASTE ADSORBENT FOR IRON CONTAMINATED WATER THROUGH KINETIC AND ISOTHERM STUDY

(Tinjauan Terhadap Penjerap daripada Sisa Kulit Nanas bagi Air Tercemar dengan Ferum Melalui Kajian Kinetik dan Isoterma)

Nurul Faizah Abd Ghapar¹, Rozaimi Abu Samah¹*, Mohamad Syafiq Abdul Wahab², Sunarti Abd Rahman¹, and Mohd Hafiz Dzarfan Othman³

¹Faculty of Chemical & Process Engineering Technology, Universiti Malaysia Pahang Al-Sultan Abdullah,

Lebuh Persiaran Tun Khalil Yaakob, 26300 Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia.

²EMZI-UiTM Nanoparticles Colloids and Interface Industrial Research Laboratory (NANO-CORE), School of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Cawangan Pulau Pinang, Kampus Permatang Pauh,

13500 Permatang Pauh, Penang, Malaysia.

³Advanced Membrane Technology Research Center (AMTEC), School of Chemical and Energy Engineering,

Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 UTM Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia

^*Corresponding author: rozaimi@umpsa.edu.my

Received: 17 November 2023; Accepted: 12 February 2024; Published: 29 April 2024

Abstract

The swift growth of sectors like steel and coal mining leads to a higher release of heavy metals like iron into aquatic ecosystems, resulting in water pollution. In this study, the kinetics and isotherms studies were applied to pineapple peel waste based adsorbent for iron removal. An adsorbent derived from discarded pineapple peels was created through a chemical activation process, employing zinc chloride (ZnCl₂) as the activator. By examining the effects of various experimental parameters, including contact duration (30 240 min), concentration of iron (5 80 ppm), and the amount of adsorbent (2 24 g/L), the behaviour of the adsorbent for iron adsorption was carefully studied. Maximum iron removal of 99.24% efficiency with adsorbent dosage of 20 g/L was achieved through this study. The iron removal process was most accurately represented by the Freundlich isotherm model, exhibiting an R² value of 0.985. Furthermore, the kinetics investigation demonstrated an excellent fit with the pseudo-second-order model for iron adsorption, yielding an R² value of 0.999. These findings strongly indicate that pineapple peel waste holds promise as a viable adsorbent for eliminating iron from water bodies.

Keywords: Pineapple peel waste, iron removal, adsorption isotherm, adsorption kinetic

Abstrak

Pertumbuhan pesat sektor-sektor seperti keluli dan perlombongan arang menyebabkan peningkatan pelepasan logam berat seperti ferum ke dalam ekosistem akuatik, yang mengakibatkan pencemaran air. Dalam kajian ini, kajian kinetik dan isoterma telah digunakan bagi penyingkiran ferum menggunakan penjerap berasaskan sisa kulit nanas. Penjerap yang diperoleh daripada kulit nanas yang dibuang telah dihasilkan melalui proses pengaktifan kimia dengan menggunakan zink klorida (ZnCl₂) sebagai pengaktif. Dengan mengkaji kesan pelbagai parameter eksperimen, termasuk tempoh penjerapan (30 240 minit), kepekatan ferum (5 80 ppm), dan jumlah penjerap (2 24 g/L), tingkah laku penjerap untuk penjerapan ferum telah dikaji dengan teliti. Penyingkiran ferum maksimum sebanyak 99.24% dengan dos penjerap 20 g/L telah dicapai melalui kajian ini. Proses penyingkiran ferum paling tepat diwakili oleh model isoterma Freundlich, dengan nilai R² sebanyak 0.985. Selain itu, penyiasatan kinetik menunjukkan kesesuaian yang sangat baik dengan model pseudo-tertib kedua untuk penjerapan ferum, menghasilkan nilai R² sebanyak 0.999. Penemuan ini menunjukkan bahawa sisa kulit nanas berpotensi sebagai penjerap yang berkesan untuk menyingkirkan ferum dari air.

Kata kunci: sisa kulit nenas, penyingkiran ferum, isoterma penjerapan, kinetik penjerapan

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