Malaysian
Journal of Analytical Sciences, Vol 27 No 6 (2023): 1249 – 1256
CYTOTOXICITY STUDY, ANTIOXIDANT AND ANTIBACTERIAL
ACTIVITY AGAINST PLANT PATHOGENIC BACTERIA OF METHANOL EXTRACT FROM Coscinium
fenestratum (AKAR SEKUNYIT)
(Kajian Ketoksikan Sel, Aktiviti
Antioksida dan Sifat Antibakteria Ekstrak Metanol dari Coscinium Fenestratum
(Akar Sekunyit) Terhadap Bakteria Penyebab Penyakit Pokok)
Aiza
Harun1*, Noorshilawati Abdul Aziz2, Shaari Daud1,
Khairil Syazwan Salim1, Norlaili Abu Bakar3,
Siti
Zaiton Mat So’ad4, and Norizan Ahmat5
1Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti
Teknologi MARA Pahang, 26400 Bandar Jengka, Pahang, Malaysia
2Faculty of Plantation and
Agrotechnology, Universiti Teknologi MARA
Pahang, 26400 Bandar Jengka, Pahang, Malaysia
3Department of Chemistry, Faculty of
Science and Mathematics, Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris, 35900 Tanjung Malim,
Perak, Malaysia
4Kulliyyah of Pharmacy, International
Islamic University Malaysia, 25200 Bandar Indera Mahkota, Kuantan, Pahang,
Malaysia
5Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti
Teknologi MARA Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia
*Corresponding author: aizaharun@uitm.edu.my
Received: 4 June 2023; Accepted: 3 October 2023; Published: 29 December 2023
Abstract
Coscinium
fenestratum (Gaertn.)
Colebr. (Menispermaceae) is a large woody liana found in moist
deciduous to the evergreen forest at an altitude of 350–1200m. The stem and
root of this species are highly medicinal valuable, and it is believed to be an
endangered species in Malaysia. This study was conducted to investigate the reaction
of methanol extract from Coscinium fenestratum with cancer cell lines, plant pathogenic
bacteria, as well as DPPH scavenging and ferric reduction antioxidant power. The
antibacterial activity was evaluated from disc diffusion method and
microdilution method against soft rot bacteria Erwinia chrysanthemi
and Erwinia carotovora. The cytotoxicity assay
was performed using MCF-7 and Caco-2 cancer cell lines. The antioxidant properties
of methanol extract were assessed from DPPH radical scavenging activity and
ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP). The
cytotoxicity activity revealed the methanol extract has potential to suppress the
Caco-2 cell line with the percentage cell viability at 70% compared to MCF-7
cell line. The antioxidant activity from FRAP assay recorded its value of
47.8080 µg for TE/gDW and 13.8481 µg/mL for the IC50
from radical scavenging activity. However, the total flavonoid content (TFC)
was not detected in methanol extract of C. fenestratum.
The antibacterial assay revealed that the extract had moderately inhibited the
growth of E. chrysanthemi and E. carotovora at 400 mg/mL, with inhibition zones of 11.50
mm and 11.83 mm, respectively. Therefore, the methanol extract from C. fenestratum has potential to act as antioxidant and anti-soft
rot agent but less potential as anti-cancer agent and anti-soft rot agent.
Keywords: antibacterial, antioxidant, cytotoxicity, Coscinium
fenestratum, plant pathogen
Abstrak
Coscinium fenestratum (Gaertn.) Colebr. (Menispermaceae), pokok liana berkayu besar yang ditemui dalam hutan daun luruh lembap hingga ke hutan malar hijau pada ketinggian 350–1200 m. Batang dan akar spesis ini sangat bernilai dalam bidang perubatan, dan ia dipercayai spesis terancam di Malaysia. Kajian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji tindakan ekstrak metanol daripada Coscinium fenestratum bertindak balas dengan garisan sel kanser, bakteria patogen tumbuhan serta penghapusan DPPH dan kuasa antioksidan penurunan ferik (FRAP). Aktiviti antibakteria dinilai daripada kaedah resapan cakera dan kaedah pencairan mikro terhadap bakteria reput lembut Erwinia chrysanthemi dan Erwinia carotovora. Ujian ketoksikan sel telah diadakan menggunakan garisan sel kanser MCF-7 dan Caco-2. Sifat antioksidan ekstrak metanol dinilai daripada aktiviti penghapusan radikal DPPH dan kuasa antioksidan penurunan ferik (FRAP). Aktiviti ketoksikan sel mendedahkan ekstrak metanol berpotensi untuk menindas garisan sel Caco-2 dengan peratusan daya maju sel pada 70% berbanding garisan sel MCF-7. Aktiviti antioksidan daripada ujian kuasa antioksidan penurunan ferik mencatatkan nilainya sebanyak 47.8080 µg TE/gDW manakala 13.8481 µg/mL untuk IC50 daripada aktiviti penghapusan radikal. Walau bagaimanapun, jumlah kandungan flavonoid (TFC) tidak dikesan dalam ekstrak metanol C. fenestratum. Ujian antibakteria mendedahkan bahawa ekstrak telah menghalang pertumbuhan E. chrysanthemi dan E. carotovora secara sederhana pada 400 mg/mL dengan zon perencatan masing-masing 11.50 mm dan 11.83 mm. Oleh itu, ekstrak metanol daripada C. fenestratum berpotensi bertindak sebagai agen antioksida dan anti reput lembut tetapi kurang berpotensi sebagai agen anti kanser dan anti reput buah.
Kata kunci: antibakteria, antioksidan, ketoksikan sel, Coscinium fenestratum, patogen tumbuhan
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