Malaysian Journal of Analytical Sciences, Vol 27 No 5 (2023): 1160 - 1171

 

ENHANCING PRE-CONCENTRATION OF Pb(II) THROUGH SYNTHESIS OF TANNIN ACID-CHITOSAN (TAC) AS SOLID PHASE EXTRACTION ADSORBENT

 

(Penambahbaikkan Pra-pemekatan Pb(II) Melalui Sintesis Asid Tannin-Kitosan (TAC) Sebagai Penjerap Pengekstrakan Fasa Pepejal)

 

Dewi Fortuna, Dwi Siswanta*, and Nurul Hidayat Aprilita

Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Sekip Utara, Yogyakarta, 55281, Indonesia

 

*Corresponding author: dsiswanta@mail.ugm.ac.id 

 

 

Received: 24 May 2023; Accepted: 4 October 2023; Published:  30 October 2023

 

 

Abstract

This study was conducted to incorporate tannin acid-chitosan (TAC) in solid phase method. The synthesized material was employed as an adsorbent to examine the effectiveness of solid phase extraction for preconcentration of Pb(II) in industrial wastewater. In addition, the parameters affecting extraction optimization were investigated and TAC was performed using a mass ratio of tannin acid and chitosan of 2:1 w/w. TAC absorbent was fully characterized using FTIR to detect functional groups and SEM-EDX to assess morphology and percentage of elements. The use of the optimal parameters for preconcentration on the performance of SPE method was obtained with adsorption, desorption, and enrichment factor at pH 5, a sample flow rate of 5 mL/min, Na2EDTA eluent flow rate of 5 mL/min, a sample volume of 10 mL, Na2EDTA eluent volume of 5 mL, sample concentration of 6 mg L–1 and Na2EDTA concentration of 0.35 M. Furthermore, preconcentration application to Pb(II) wastewater at 0.05 mg L–1, 0.06 mg L–1, and 0.07 mg L–1 were concentrated 0.28 mg L–1, 0.32 mg L–1, and 0.38 mg L–1 with a factor of 5.6, 5.35, and 5.45 times. The result showed that the proposed method was effective for SPE with TAC adsorbent and Pb(II) preconcentration.

 

Keywords: solid phase extraction, preconcentration, Pb(II), tannin acid-chitosan

 

Abstrak

Penyelidikan ini menggabungkan asid tannin-kitosan (TAC) dalam kaedah fasa pepejal. Bahan tersintesis digunakan sebagai penjerap dan bertujuan untuk mengkaji keberkesanan pengekstrakan fasa pepejal untuk pra-pemekatan Pb(II) dalam air sisa industri. Di samping itu, parameter yang mempengaruhi pengoptimuman pengekstrakan telah disiasat. Asid tannin-kitosan (TAC) dilakukan menggunakan nisbah jisim asid tanin dan kitosan 2:1 b/b. Kemudian penyerap TAC dicirikan sepenuhnya menggunakan FTIR untuk mengesan kumpulan berfungsi dan SEM-EDX untuk menilai morfologi dan peratusan unsur yang terkandung di dalamnya. Menggunakan parameter optimum untuk pra-pemekatan pada prestasi kaedah pengekstrakan fasa pepejal diperolehi, dengan penjerapan, penyahjerapan, dan instrumen pengayaan pada pH 5 dengan kadar aliran sampel 5 mL/min, kadar alir eluen Na2EDTA 5 mL/min, a isipadu sampel 10 mL, isipadu eluen Na2EDTA 5 mL, kepekatan sampel 6 mg L–1 dan kepekatan Na2EDTA 0.35 M. Penggunaan prapekatan pada air sisa Pb(II) pada kepekatan 0.05 mg L–1 boleh ditumpukan kepada 0.28 mg L–1 dengan faktor kepekatan 5.6 kali, pada kepekatan 0.06 mg L–1 boleh dipekatkan kepada 0.32 mg L–1 dengan faktor kepekatan 5.35 kali, dan pada kepekatan 0.07 mg L–1 boleh ditumpukan kepada 0.38 mg L–1 dengan faktor kepekatan 5.45 kali. Nilai faktor kepekatan yang diperoleh sepadan dengan teori, 6 kali, masing-masing. Keputusan menunjukkan bahawa kaedah yang dicadangkan adalah berkesan untuk pengekstrakan fasa pepejal dengan penjerap TAC dan pra-pemekatan Pb(II).

 

Kata kunci: pengekstrakan fasa pepejal, pra-pemekatan, Pb(II), asid tannin-kitosan

 

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