Malaysian Journal of Analytical Sciences, Vol 27 No 5 (2023): 1035 - 1061

CURRENT PROGRESS IN DYE-SENSITISED SOLAR CELLS (DSSCs) FEATURING DONOR-p-ACCEPTOR SYSTEM OF MIXED MOIETIES:

A REVIEW

(Kemajuan Terkini Sel Suria Peka Cahaya (DSSCs) Menampilkan Sistem Moiti Campuran Penderma-p-Penerima: Satu Ulasan)

Wan M. Khairul^*, and Muhammad Aidil Zailani

Faculty of Science and Marine Environment,

Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia

^*Corresponding author: wmkhairul@umt.edu.my

Received: 27 July 2023; Accepted: 13 September 2023; Published: 30 October 2023

Abstract

In recent years, the quest to propose an ideal molecular system acting as dye-sensitised solar cells (DSSCs) bearing single molecular system have attracted great interest. This is due to their promising potential to convert solar energy into electrical energy at low cost. The alteration of molecular framework is essential to propose a rigid rod donor-p-acceptor system in enhancing its electronic properties to be applied as active layer in this type of solar cells. In recent years, mixed moieties molecules are actively being proposed as this combination proven to provide better performance of efficiency. However, the molecules bearing different moieties with different atomic features are rather scarce. The extended conjugation and the push-pull phenomenon within the molecular backbones may provide efficient electronic properties with alteration from different substituents. The development of DSSCs featuring conjugated mixed moieties are relatively new and scarce. Thus, this review article provides an insight general idea on the fundamental aspects of DSSCs as its progresses in term of its essentials features and compositions which focusing on the utilisation of these moieties. It is hope that this contribution may equip one’s understanding in venturing similar work on this type of molecular system.

Keywords: DSSCs, conjugation, donor-p-acceptor, acetylene, azomethine

Abstrak

Sejak kebelakangan ini, pencarian untuk mencadangkan sistem molekul unggul yang bertindak sebagai sel suria peka cahaya (DSSC) menampilkan system molekul tunggal telah menarik perhatian yang tinggi. Ini adalah disebabkan kerana ia menjanjikan potensi untuk menukar tenaga suria kepada tenaga elektrik pada kos yang rendah. Pengubahsuaian kerangka molekul adalah penting bagi mencadangkan sistem penderma-p-penerima rod tegar dalam meningkatkan sifat elektroniknya untuk diaplikasikan sebagai lapisan aktif dalam sel suria ini. Sejak beberapa tahun lalu, molekul-molekul tercampur moiti secara aktifnya banyak dicadangkan kerana penggabungan ini telah membuktikan prestasi keberkesanan yang baik. Walau bagaimanapun, molekul-molekul yang menampilkan moiti berbeza dengan tampilan atom berlainan adalah amat jarang. Pemanjangan konjugasi dan fenomena tolak-tarik di dalam kerangka molekul mampu menyediakan sifat elektronik berkesan melalui pengubahsuian daripada pelbagai kumpulan pengganti. Pembangunan DSSC yang menonjolkan campuran moiti terkonjugat ialah agak baharu dan jarang dilaporkan. Oleh yang demikian, artikel ulasan ini menyediakan hala tuju idea secara umum terhadap aspek-aspek asas DSSC dan kemajuannya befokuskan ciri-ciri penting dan komposisinya yang memfokuskan penggunaan moiti-moiti ini. Diharapkan agar sumbangan ini dapat menlengkapkan pemahaman seseorang dalam penglibatan kerja yang sama terhadapa sistem molekul jenis ini.

Kata kunci: DSSC, konjugasi, penderma-p-penerima, asetilina, azometina

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