Malaysian Journal of Analytical
Sciences, Vol 27
No 2 (2023): 422 - 439
NOVEL ALGINATE-CHITOSAN AMINE-FUNCTIONALIZED SILICA
COATED MAGNETIC COMPOSITE FOR HEAVY METALS REMOVAL
IN WATER
(Komposit Baharu Alginat Kitosan Difungsikan dengan Amina Bersalut Silika
Bermagnet untuk Penyingkiran Logam Berat dalam Air)
Gimba Joshua Dagil1,2, Ng Nyuk-Ting1,
Aemi Syazwani Abdul Keyon1,3*
Wan
Aini Wan Ibrahim1,3*, and Sheela Chandren1,3
1 Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia,
81310 UTM Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia
2 Department of Science, Plateau State Polytechnic, Barkin Ladi, P.M.B 02023, Bukuru, Jos Nigeria
3Centre for Sustainable Nanomaterials, Ibnu Sina Institute for
Scientific and Industrial Research, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia,
81310
UTM Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia
*Corresponding
author e-mail: aemi@utm.my; waini@utm.my
Received:
15 August 2022; Accepted: 17 January 2023; Published: 19 April 2023
Abstract
A new effective
biopolymer alginate chitosan amine-functionalized silica coated magnetic
composite (alg/Cs-NH2-SiO2/Fe3O4)
adsorbent was synthesized and applied for the first time to remove Pb(II),
Cu(II) and Cd(II) from aqueous solution by utilizing inductive coupled
plasma-optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES). The properties of the composite
were characterized using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Field
emission scanning electron microscopy/energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy
(FESEM/EDX), and vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM). Evaluation
of alg/Cs-NH2-SiO2/Fe3O4
adsorption performance at optimum conditions revealed that the adsorbent
had a maximum adsorption capacity of 41.79, 39.21, and 39.56 mg/g for Pb(II),
Cu(II) and Cd(II), respectively. The adsorbent behavior was studied using
Langmuir, Freundlich, Temkin, and Dubinin-Rudushkevich’s
isotherm models. The Langmuir isotherm and the pseudo-second-order were
better fitted with the coefficient of determination (R2) value of
0.99, indicating homogeneous surface and chemisorption processes. The
thermodynamic factors indicated endothermic and spontaneous processes at 60
℃. Even after the 5th cycle adsorption-desorption experiments,
the adsorbent still retained its adsorption ability above 70% metal
ions removal, indicating that the adsorbent was reasonable for metal ions
removal in water. Pb(II) was detected in a river near an industrial area (Taman
Mewah, Kulai, Johor), which
was eventually removed by the adsorbent at 86% efficiency.
Keywords: biopolymer, magnetic
adsorbent, heavy metals
Abstrak
Penjerap biopolimer
alginat kitosan amina bersalut silika bersalut (alg/Cs-NH2-SiO2/Fe3O4)
yang berkesan telah disintesis dan digunakan buat kali pertama untuk menyingkirkan ion Pb(II),
Cu(II) danCd(II) daripada
air dengan menggunakan spektroskopi pelepasan atomik-plasma gandingan aruhan (ICP-OES).
Ciri-ciri komposit dicirikan menggunakan spektroskopi inframerah-transformasi
Fourier (FTIR), mikroskop elektron
pengimbasan pancaran medan (FESEM), spektroskopi sinar-X penyebaran tenaga (EDX), dan magnetometri getaran sample (VSM). Penilaian prestasi penjerapan alg/Cs-NH2-SiO2/Fe3O4 pada
keadaan optimum menunjukkan
bahawa penjerap mempunyai kapasiti penjerapan maksimum 41.79, 39.21,
dan 39.56 mg/g masing-masing untuk
Pb(II), Cu(II) dan Cd(II). Prestasi penjerap dikaji menggunakan model isoterma
Langmuir, Freundlich, Temkin, dan Dubinin-Rudushkevichs.
Isoterma Langmuir dan pseudo-tertib
kedua adalah lebih bertepatan dengan nilai pekali penentuan (R2) 0.99, menunjukkan permukaan homogen dan proses penjerapan secara kimia. Faktor termodinamik menunjukkan
proses endotermik dan spontan
pada 60 ℃. Walaupun selepas
lima kali eksperimen penjerapan-penyahjerapan , penjerap masih mengekalkan keupayaan penjerapannya dengan % penyingkiran ion logam melebihi 70% menunjukkan penjerap berupaya mengeluarkan ion logam daripada air. Pb(II) telah dikesan di sungai berhampiran kawasan perindustrian (Taman Mewah, Kulai, Johor), akhirnya disingkirkan pada kecekapan 86%.
Kata kunci: biopolimer,
penjerap magnet, logam berat
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