Malaysian Journal of Analytical
Sciences Vol 22 No 4 (2018): 684 - 692
DOI:
10.17576/mjas-2018-2204-15
PRODUCTION OF VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS USING OIL PALM FROND JUICE AS A
SOLE SUBSTRATE BY Ceratocystis fimbriata
(Penghasilan Sebatian Organik Meruap Menggunakan Jus
Pelepah Kelapa Sawit Sebagai Substrat Tunggal oleh Ceratocystis fimbriata)
Nang Nor Azimah Long Nadzri1, Mior Ahmad Khushairi Mohd Zahari1*,
Saiful Nizam Tajuddin2, Che Mohd Aizal Che Mohd 2
1Faculty of
Chemical & Natural Resources Engineering
2Bio Aromatic
Research Centre of Excellence
Universiti
Malaysia Pahang, Lebuhraya Tun Razak, 26300 Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia
*Corresponding
author: ahmadkhushairi@ump.edu.my
Received: 16
April 2017; Accepted: 7 March 2018
Abstract
In this paper, the potential of oil palm
frond (OPF) juice as an alternative and renewable carbon source to replace the
function of glucose to produce volatile compounds by Ceratocystis fimbriata will
be reported. The OPF juice was extracted using simple physical separation
method. The growths of fungi were monitored by using cell dry weight (CDW)
method whereby the characterization of sugar composition and consumption of the
OPF juice by Ceratocystis fimbriata were carried out using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The
volatile organic compounds were separated and analyzed by gas chromatography-mass
spectrometry (GC-MS) with solid phase micro extraction (SPME). On the fourth
day, the biomass produced by Ceratocystis fimbriata increased
significantly and produced the highest number of products comprising of 3
alcohols, 2 esters, 1 aldehyde, 1 fatty acid, 1 phenol and 1 ketone. Based on
the GC-MS analysis, several volatile compounds namely aldehydes, alcohols,
ketones, and esters could be produced from OPF juice supplemented with a
mineral salt medium. This result shows the potential usage of OPF juice as
substrates for the growth and production of volatile organic compounds by Ceratocystis
fimbriata.
Keywords: oil palm frond
juice, volatile organic compounds, Ceratocystis fimbriata
Abstrak
Dalam
laporan ini, kajian mengenai kebolehan jus pelepah kelapa sawit (OPF) sebagai
sumber karbon alternatif dan yang boleh diperbaharui telah dijalankan untuk
menggantikan fungsi glukosa untuk pengeluaran sebatian meruap oleh kulat Ceratocystis
fimbriata. Jus OPF diekstrak menggunakan kaedah pemisahan fizikal yang
mudah. Pertumbuhan kulat dipantau menggunakan kaedah sel berat kering (CDW)
manakala pencirian komposisi gula dan penggunaannya oleh Ceratocystis
fimbriata di dalam jus ini telah dijalankan dengan menggunakan peralatan kromatografi
cecair berprestasi tinggi (HPLC). Sebatian meruap pula dipisahkan dan
dianalisis menggunakan kromatografi gas – spektrometri jisim (GC-MS) bersama pengekstrakan
mikro fasa pepejal (SPME). Pada hari keempat, pengeluaran biojisim meningkat
dengan ketara dan mengeluarkan produk yang paling tinggi, iaitu 3 alkohol, 2
ester, 1 aldehid, 1 asid lemak, 1 fenol dan 1 keton. Berdasarkan analisis
daripada GC-MS, hasil fermentasi menunjukkan beberapa sebatian organik meruap
seperti aldehid, alkohol, keton dan ester boleh dihasilkan daripada jus OPF
ditambah dengan media garam mineral. Hasil daripada kajian ini menunjukkan
bahawa jus OPF mempunyai potensi besar untuk digunakan sebagai substrat untuk
pertumbuhan dan penghasilan sebatian organik meruap oleh Ceratosystis
fimbriata.
Kata kunci: jus pelepah kelapa sawit, sebatian organik meruap, Ceratocystis
fimbriata
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