Malaysian Journal of Analytical Sciences Vol 22 No 4 (2018): 684 - 692

DOI: 10.17576/mjas-2018-2204-15

 

 

 

PRODUCTION OF VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS USING OIL PALM FROND JUICE AS A SOLE SUBSTRATE BY Ceratocystis fimbriata

 

(Penghasilan Sebatian Organik Meruap Menggunakan Jus Pelepah Kelapa Sawit Sebagai Substrat Tunggal oleh Ceratocystis fimbriata)

 

Nang Nor Azimah Long Nadzri1, Mior Ahmad Khushairi Mohd Zahari1*, Saiful Nizam Tajuddin2, Che Mohd Aizal Che Mohd 2

 

1Faculty of Chemical & Natural Resources Engineering

2Bio Aromatic Research Centre of Excellence

Universiti Malaysia Pahang, Lebuhraya Tun Razak, 26300 Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia

 

*Corresponding author:  ahmadkhushairi@ump.edu.my

 

 

Received: 16 April 2017; Accepted: 7 March 2018

 

 

Abstract

In this paper, the potential of oil palm frond (OPF) juice as an alternative and renewable carbon source to replace the function of glucose to produce volatile compounds by Ceratocystis fimbriata will be reported. The OPF juice was extracted using simple physical separation method. The growths of fungi were monitored by using cell dry weight (CDW) method whereby the characterization of sugar composition and consumption of the OPF juice by Ceratocystis fimbriata were carried out using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The volatile organic compounds were separated and analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) with solid phase micro extraction (SPME). On the fourth day, the biomass produced by Ceratocystis fimbriata increased significantly and produced the highest number of products comprising of 3 alcohols, 2 esters, 1 aldehyde, 1 fatty acid, 1 phenol and 1 ketone. Based on the GC-MS analysis, several volatile compounds namely aldehydes, alcohols, ketones, and esters could be produced from OPF juice supplemented with a mineral salt medium. This result shows the potential usage of OPF juice as substrates for the growth and production of volatile organic compounds by Ceratocystis fimbriata.

 

Keywords:  oil palm frond juice, volatile organic compounds, Ceratocystis fimbriata

 

Abstrak

Dalam laporan ini, kajian mengenai kebolehan jus pelepah kelapa sawit (OPF) sebagai sumber karbon alternatif dan yang boleh diperbaharui telah dijalankan untuk menggantikan fungsi glukosa untuk pengeluaran sebatian meruap oleh kulat Ceratocystis fimbriata. Jus OPF diekstrak menggunakan kaedah pemisahan fizikal yang mudah. Pertumbuhan kulat dipantau menggunakan kaedah sel berat kering (CDW) manakala pencirian komposisi gula dan penggunaannya oleh Ceratocystis fimbriata di dalam jus ini telah dijalankan dengan menggunakan peralatan kromatografi cecair berprestasi tinggi (HPLC). Sebatian meruap pula dipisahkan dan dianalisis menggunakan kromatografi gas – spektrometri jisim (GC-MS) bersama pengekstrakan mikro fasa pepejal (SPME). Pada hari keempat, pengeluaran biojisim meningkat dengan ketara dan mengeluarkan produk yang paling tinggi, iaitu 3 alkohol, 2 ester, 1 aldehid, 1 asid lemak, 1 fenol dan 1 keton. Berdasarkan analisis daripada GC-MS, hasil fermentasi menunjukkan beberapa sebatian organik meruap seperti aldehid, alkohol, keton dan ester boleh dihasilkan daripada jus OPF ditambah dengan media garam mineral. Hasil daripada kajian ini menunjukkan bahawa jus OPF mempunyai potensi besar untuk digunakan sebagai substrat untuk pertumbuhan dan penghasilan sebatian organik meruap oleh Ceratosystis fimbriata.

 

Kata kunci:  jus pelepah kelapa sawit, sebatian organik meruap, Ceratocystis fimbriata

 

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