Malaysian Journal of Analytical Sciences Vol 22 No 1 (2018):
143 -150
DOI:
10.17576/mjas-2018-2201-18
INFLUENCE OF ALKALI TREATMENT ON PHYSICO-CHEMICAL PROPERTIES
OF MALAYSIAN BAMBOO FIBER: A PRELIMINARY STUDY
(Pengaruh Rawatan Alkali terhadap Sifat-sifat Fizikal-Kimia Serat
Buluh Malaysia: Satu Kajian Awal)
Foo Sheng Tong1*, Siew Choo Chin1, 2, Mohd Tamizi
Mustafa4, Huei Ruey Ong3, Md. Maksudur Rahman Khan2,
3, Jolius Gimbun2, 3, Shu Ing Doh1
1Faculty of Civil Engineering & Earth Resources
2Centre of Excellence for Advanced Research in Fluid Flow (CARIFF)
3Faculty of Chemical & Natural Resources Engineering
University Malaysia Pahang, 26300 Gambang, Pahang, Malaysia
4Kualiti Kayu dan Hasil Bukan Kayu, Bahagian Keluaran Hutan,
Forest Research Institute of Malaysia, 52109 Kuala Lumpur,
Malaysia
*Corresponding author: tongfoosheng@hotmail.com
Received: 4
December 2016; Accepted: 1 December 2017
Abstract
In the present study,
the effect of alkaline treatment on the morphology and physico-chemical
properties of Malaysian bamboo fibers was elucidated. The fibers were extracted
from raw bamboo culm using alkaline solution with concentrations of 0 and 10
wt% at 24 hours and followed by roller milling techniques. The treated and
untreated fibers were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy
(FTIR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and scanning electron microscope
(SEM). Apart from that, the mechanical properties of single fiber were also
investigated. It was found that the tensile strength and modulus of the
alkali-treated fiber were improved by 45.6 and 72%, respectively, compared to
the untreated fiber. The surface morphology of the treated fiber was improved
in which the surface roughness has been reduced significantly as proven in SEM.
The FTIR and TGA data suggested that alkaline treatment gradually removed the
lignin and hemicellulose. These findings highly recommended that, local bamboo
fiber could be used as a reinforcement agent for composite making.
Keywords: alkaline treatment, bamboo fiber, natural
fiber, natural fiber composite, roller milling techniques
Abstrak
Dalam kajian ini, kesan
rawatan alkali terhadap sifat morfologi dan fizikokimia gentian buluh Malaysia
telah dijelaskan. Serat telah
diambil dari laras buluh mentah dengan menggunakan larutan alkali dengan
kepekatan 0 dan 10% pada 24 jam dan diikuti dengan teknik penggilingan roller.
Serat yang dirawat dan tidak dirawat dicirikan oleh spektroskopi transformasi
Fourier (FTIR), analisis termogravimetrik (TGA) and mikroskop imbasan elektron
(SEM). Selain itu, sifat mekanik serat tunggal juga disiasat. Keputusan telah
didapati bahawa kekuatan tegangan dan modulus serat yang dirawat alkali telah
meningkat sebanyak 45.6 dan 72%, berbanding dengan serat yang tidak dirawat.
Morfologi permukaan serat yang dirawat telah diperbaiki dengan kekasaran
permukaan berkurangan dengan nyata, seperti yang dibuktikan oleh SEM. Data FTIR
dan TGA mencadangkan rawatan alkali telah menghilangkan lignin dan hemiselulosa
secara beransur-ansur. Penemuan ini sangat disyorkan bahawa, serat buluh
tempatan boleh digunakan sebagai ejen tetulang untuk pembuatan komposit.
Kata kunci: rawatan alkali, serat buluh, serat semulajadi, komposit gentian
semulajadi, teknik penggilingan roller
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