Malaysian Journal of Analytical Sciences Vol 21 No 5 (2017): 1028 -
1035
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17576/mjas-2017-2105-04
ANTI-PROLIFERATIVE
EFFECT OF Aerva javanica EXTRACTS ON MCF7 AND MDA-MB-231 BREAST CANCER
CELL LINES
(Kesan Anti-proliferatif Ekstrak Aerva
Javanica Ke Atas Titisan Sel Kanser Payudara MCF7 dan MDA-MB-231)
Nagla Mustafa Eltayeb1, 2,
Ghada Mustafa Eltayeb3, Salizawati Muhamad Salhimi1*
1School
of Pharmaceutical Sciences,
Universiti
Sains Malaysia, 11800 USM, Penang, Malaysia
2Tropical
Medicine Research Institute (TMRI),
National Centre for Research (NCR), Khartoum,
Sudan
3Faculty of Clinical and Industrial
Pharmacy,
National
University-Sudan, Khartoum 11111, Sudan
*Corresponding author:
saliza@usm.my
Received:
16 August 2016; Accepted: 25 July 2017
Abstract
In this study,
the medicinal plant Aerva javanica was sequentially extracted with
n-hexane, chloroform and 80% methanol using maceration technique. The
anti-proliferative effect of the three extracts was assessed on two different
breast cancer cell lines, MDA-MB-231 and MCF7, using MTT assay. 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl
(DPPH) scavenging activity assay was used to assess the antioxidant activity of
the three extracts. The result showed that the chloroform extract exerted an
inhibitory effect in a concentration dependent manner on both cancer cell lines
with IC50 values of 32.7 ± 0.7 µg/ml and 40.9 ± 2 µg/ml on
MDA-MD-321 and MCF7 respectively. 80% methanol extract exhibited cytotoxic
effect on MCF7 with IC50 value of 96.6 ± 2.9 µg/ml, whereas had no
cytotoxic effect on MDA-MB-231 cell line (IC50 ˃ 200 µg/ml).
n-hexane extract found to be less cytotoxic against both cancer cell lines with
IC50 values of 178.3 ± 3.7 and 196.9 ± 2.8 µg/ml on MDA-MB-231 and
MCF7, respectively. The highest IC50 value for scavenging activity
was shown by 80% methanol extract (46.5 ± 2.2 µg/ml) followed by chloroform extract (78.3 ± 3.6 µg/ml). On the other hand, the
extract prepared in n-hexane showed no scavenging activity effect (IC50 ˃
1000 µg/ml). Aerva javanica possesses moderate anti-proliferative
activity against human breast cancer cell lines with some cytoselectivity
towards MDA-MB-231 compare to MCF7 cells. Further studies are needed to
identify the potential anticancer component (s) from Aerva javanica.
Keywords: MTT assay, Aerva javanica, MCF7,
MDA-MB-231
Abstrak
Dalam kajian ini, tumbuhan ubatan Aerva javanica
telah diekstrak secara berturutan dengan n-heksana, kloroform dan 80% metanol
menggunakan teknik pemaseratan. Kesan anti-proliferatif daripada tiga ekstrak
dinilai pada dua titisan sel kanser payudara yang berbeza iaitu MDA-MB-231 dan
MCF7, menggunakan ujian MTT. Ujian aktiviti hapus sisa DPPH telah digunakan
untuk menilai aktiviti antioksidan daripada tiga ekstrak. Keputusan menunjukkan
bahawa ekstrak kloroform memberikan kesan perencatan bergantung kepekatan ke
atas kedua-dua jenis sel kanser dengan nilai-nilai IC50 32.7 ± 0.7
μg/ml dan 40.9 ± 2 μg/ml pada MDA-MD-321 dan MCF7 masing-masing. Ekstrak 80%
metanol menunjukkan kesan sitotoksik ke atas MCF7 dengan nilai IC50
96.6 ± 2.9 μg/ml, tetapi tidak memberikan kesan sitotoksik ke atas MDA-MB-231
(IC50 ˃ 200 μg/ml). Ekstrak n-heksana didapati
kurang sitotoksik terhadap kedua-dua titisan sel kanser dengan nilai-nilai IC50
178.3 ± 3.7 dan 196.9 ± 2.8 µg/ml masing-masing ke atas MDA-MB-231 dan MCF7.
Aktiviti hapus sisa yang tertinggi ditunjukkan oleh ekstrak 80% metanol (IC50 46.5 ±
2.2 μg/ml ) diikuti dengan ekstrak kloroform (IC50 78.3 ± 3.6
μg/ml). Berbeza dengan ekstrak n-heksana yang tidak menunjukkan kesan aktiviti
hapus sisa (IC50 ˃ 1000 μg/ml). Aerva javanica mempunyai
aktiviti anti-proliferatif sederhana terhadap titisan sel kanser payudara
manusia dan lebih selektif terhadap sel-sel MDA-MB-231 berbanding MCF7. Kajian
lanjut diperlukan untuk nengenalpasti komponen yang berpotensi sebagai
anti-kanser daripada Aerva javanica.
Kata kunci:
Ujian MTT, Aerva javanica, MCF7, MDA-MB-23
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