Malaysian Journal of Analytical Sciences Vol 20 No 4 (2016): 777 - 792
DOI:
http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/mjas-2016-2004-10
ADSORPTION OF
ANIONIC DYES FROM AQUEOUS SOLUTIONS
BY CALCINED AND
UNCALCINED Mg/Al LAYERED DOUBLE HYDROXIDE
(Penjerapan Pewarna Ionik
daripada Larutan Akues Menggunakan Mg/Al Lapisan
Dwi-Hidroksida Berkalsin
dan Tanpa Kalsin)
Siti Mariam Sumari*,
Zaini Hamzah, Nesamalar Kantasamy
Faculty of Applied
Sciences,
Universiti Teknologi
MARA, 40450 Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia
*Corresponding
author: sms21vic@gmail.com
Received: 9
December 2015; Accepted: 6 May 2016
Abstract
The uptake of Acid
Blue 29 (AB29), Reactive Orange 16 (RO16) and Reactive Red 120 (RR120) from
aqueous solutions by calcined (CLDH) and uncalcined Mg/Al layered double
hydroxide (LDH) has been investigated. The adsorption process was conducted in
a batch mode at 25 °C. Anionic dye removal was more efficient using the CLDH
rather than LDH. The adsorption process by CLDH involved reconstruction and
hydration of the calcined LDH and intercalation of AB29, RO16 and RR120.
Physical characterization using X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron
Microscopy (SEM) and Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) were used to ascertain
the 'memory effect' phenomenon that is structural reconstruction to regain its
original LDH after rehydration. To gain insight into the mechanism of
adsorption by CLDH, the pseudo-first order (PFO) and pseudo-second order (PSO)
and intraparticle diffusion (IPD) kinetic models were used to analyse
experimental data. Based on
the correlation coefficient (R2), the PSO has better fitting
(R2 = 0.987 – 1.00) compared to PFO (R2 = 0.867 –0.990). Furthermore the values of maximum
adsorption capacity, (qe)
calculated from PSO model are consistent with the experimental qe indicating that
the experimental kinetic data for AB29, RO16 and RR120 adsorption by CLDH are suitable for this model. Recycling of the adsorbent, in cycles of
calcination-reconstruction process promised a possibility of regeneration of
CLDH.
Keywords: calcined, adsorption capacity, reconstruction,
memory effect, regeneration
Abstrak
Penyingkiran
pewarna Acid
Blue 29 (AB29), Reactive Orange 16 (RO16) dan Reactive Red 120 (RR120) daripada
larutan akues menggunakan Mg/Al dwi-hidroksida berlapis berkalsin (CLDH) dan tanpa
kalsin (LDH) telah dilakukan menggunakan kaedah berkelompok pada suhu 25
°C. Penjerapan bahan pewarna menggunakan CLDH didapati lebih berkesan
berbanding LDH. Penjerapan bahan pewarna oleh CLDH berlaku melibatkan proses
penghidratan dan penstrukturan semula CLDH dan juga apitan AB29, RO16 dan
RR120. Pencirian fizikal pada bahan penjerap yang diperolehi dengan menggunakan
kaedah Pembelauan Sinar-X (XRD), Mikroskopi Imbasan Elektron (SEM) dan
Spektroskopi Inframerah Transformasi Fourier (FTIR) telah digunakan untuk
mengenalpasti fenomena 'kesan memori', iaitu proses penstrukturan semula kepada
LDH selepas berlaku penghidratan. Cerapan lebih lanjut mengenai mekanisme
proses penjerapan ini, model-model kinetik pseudo tertib pertama (PFO), pseudo
tertib kedua (PSO) dan resapan intrapartikel (IPD) telah digunakan untuk
menganalisa data ujian. Berdasarkan nilai pekali korelasi (R2), model PSO didapati lebih sesuai (R2 = 0.99 –
1.00) berbanding PFO (R2 =
0.85 – 0.99). Fakta ini diperkukuhkan lagi dengan nilai kapasiti penjerapan
maksimum, (qe)
hasil pengiraan menggunakan PSO yang didapati konsisten dengan qe
ujian (qe, expt.) untuk AB29, RO16 dan RR120. Kitaran semula bahan penjerap melalui
beberapa siri kitaran pengkalsinan-penstrukturan semula juga didapati dapat
menjanjikan penjanaan semula CLDH.
Kata kunci: berkalsin,
kapasiti penjerap, penstrukturan semula, kesan memori, penjanaan semula
References
1.
El
Gaini, L. Lakraimi, M., Sebbar, E., Meghea, A., and Bakasse, M. (2009). Removal
of indigo carmine dye from water to Mg–Al–CO3-calcined layered double
hydroxides. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 161: 627 – 632.
2.
Lazaridis,
N. K., Karapantsios, T. D. and Georgantas, D. (2003). Kinetic analysis for the
removal of a reactive dye from aqueous solution onto hydrotalcite by
adsorption. Water Research, 37: 3023 – 3033.
3.
Abdelkader,
N. B-H., Bentouami, A. Derriche, Z., Bettahara, N., de Menorval, L-C. Chemical.
(2011). Synthesis and characterization of Mg–Fe layer double hydroxides and its
application on adsorption of Orange G from aqueous solution. Engineering
Journal, 169: 231 – 238.
4.
Das,
J., Das, D. K. M. and Parida, K. M. (2006). Preparation and characterization of
Mg–Al hydrotalcite-like compounds containing cerium, Journal of Colloid and
Interface Science, 301: 569 –574.
5.
Auxilio,
A. R., Andrews, P. C., Junk, P. C. and Spiccia, L. (2009). The adsorption
behavior of C.I. Acid Blue 9 onto calcined Mg–Al layered double hydroxides. Dyes
and Pigments, 81: 103 – 112.
6.
Das,
J., Das, D. K. M. and Parida, K. M. (2006). Preparation and characterization of
Mg–Al hydrotalcite-like compounds containing cerium, Journal of Colloid and
Interface Science, 301: 569 –574.
7.
Lagergren,
S. (1898). About the theory of so called adsorption of soluble substances. K.
Sven. Vetenskapsakad. Handl., Band 24, 1 – 39.
8.
Ho,
Y. S. (2006). Review of second-order models for adsorption systems. Journal
of Hazardous Materials, 136: 681 – 689.
9.
Weber,
W. J. and Morris, J. C. (1963). Kinetics
of Adsorption on Carbon from Solution. Journal of the Sanitary Engineering
Division, 89(2): 31 – 60.
10.
Reichle,
W. T. (1986). Synthesis of anionic clay minerals (mixed metal hydroxides,
hydrotalcite). Solid State Ionics, 22: 135 – 141.
11.
Forano,
C., Hibino, T., Lerouxa, F. C. and Taviot-Gue, H. (2006). Layered double
hydroxides. Developments in Clay Science, 1: 1021 – 1095.
12.
Kameda,
T., Yamazaki, T. and Yoshioka, T. (2009). Preparation of MgAl layered double
hydroxide intercalated with 2,7-Naphthalene Disulfonate and its selective
uptake of aromatic compounds from aqueous solutions. Bulletin of the
Chemical Society of Japan, 82: 1436 – 1440.
13.
Mahmoodi,
N. M., Hayati, B. and Arami, M. (2012). Kinetic, equilibrium and thermodynamic
studies of ternary system dye removal using a biopolymer. Industrial Crops
and Products, 35: 295 – 301.
14.
Senthilkumaar,
S., Kalaamani, P., Porkodi, K., Varadarajan, P. R. and Subburaam, C. V. (2006).
Adsorption of dissolved reactive red dye from aqueous phase onto activated
carbon prepared from agricultural waste. Bioresource Technology, 97: 1618
– 1625.
15.
Yu,
L. and Luo, Y. (2014). The adsorption mechanism of anionic and cationic dyes by
Jerusalem artichoke stalk-based mesoporous activated carbon. Journal of
Environmental Chemical Engineering, 2: 220 – 229.
16.
Das,
J., Das, D. K. M. and Parida, K. M. (2006). Preparation and characterization of
Mg–Al hydrotalcite-like compounds containing cerium. Journal of Colloid and
Interface Science, 301: 569 –574.
17.
Bouhent,
M. M., Derriche, Z., Denoyel, R., Prevot, V., and Forano, C. (2011).
Thermodynamical and structural insights of orange II adsorption by MgRAlNO3
layered double hydroxides. Journal of Solid State Chemistry, 184: 1016 –
1024.
18.
Bouraada,
M., Belhalfaoui, F. and Ouali, M. S. (2009). Sorption study of an acid dye from
an aqueous solution on modified Mg–Al layered double hydroxides. Journal of
Hazardous Materials, 163: 463 –467.
19.
Extremera,
R., Pavlovic, I., Pérez, M. R., and Barriga, C. (2012). Removal of acid orange
10 by calcined Mg/Al layered double hydroxides from water and recovery of the
adsorbed dye. Chemical Engineering Journal, 213: 392 – 400.
20.
Zhu,
M-X., Li, Y-P., Xie, M. and Xin, H-Z. (2005). Sorption of an anionic dye by
uncalcined and calcined layered double hydroxides: A case study. Journal of
Hazardous Materials, 120: 163 – 171.
21.
Ni,
Z. M., Xia, S. J., Wang, L. G., Xing, F. F. and Pan, G. X. (2007). Treatment of
methyl orange by calcined layered double hydroxides in aqueous solution: Adsorption
property and kinetic studies. Journal of Colloid and Interface Science,
316: 284 – 291.
22.
Crepaldi,
E. L., Tronto, J., Cardoso, L. P. and Valim, J. B. (2002). Sorption of
terephthalate anions by calcined and uncalcined hydrotalcite-like compounds. Colloids
and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects, 211: 103 –114.
23.
Ferreira,
O. P., Alves, O. L., Gouveia, D. X., Filho, A. G. S., de Paiva, J. A. C. and
Filho, J. M. (2004). Thermal decomposition and structural reconstruction effect
on Mg–Fe-based hydrotalcite compounds. Journal of Solid State Chemistry,
177: 3058 – 3069.
24.
Naveen,
N., Saravanan, P., Baskar, G. and Sahadevan, R. (2011). Equilibrium and kinetic
modeling on the removal of Reactive Red 120 using positively charged Hydrilla
verticillata. Journal of the Taiwan Institute of Chemical Engineers, 42:
463 – 469.
25.
Kobiraj,
R., Gupta, N., Kushwaha, A. K. and Chattophadhyaya, M. C. (2012). Determination
of equilibrium, kinetic and thermodynamic parameters for the adsorption of the
brilliant green dye from aqueous solutions onto eggshell powder. Indian
Journal of Chemical Technology, 20: 26 – 31.
26.
Greluk,
M. and Hubicki, Z. (2010).Kinetics, isotherm and thermodynamic studies of
Reactive Black 5 removal by acid acrylic resins. Chemical Engineering
Journal 162: 919 – 926.
27.
Baccar,
R., Blánquez, P., Bouzid, J., Feki, M., Attiya, H. and Sarrà, M. (2013). Modelling of adsorption isotherms and
kinetics of a tannery dye onto an carbon prepared from an agricultural
by-product activated carbon prepared from an agricultural by-product. Fuel
Processing Technology, 106: 408 – 415.
28.
Ulibarri,
M. A., Pavlovic, I.. Barriga, C. Hermos´ın and Cornejo, M. C. (2001). Adsorption
of anionic species on hydrotalcite-like compounds: effect of interlayer anion
and crystallinity, Applied Clay Science, 18: 17 – 27.