Malaysian
Journal of Analytical Sciences Vol 19 No 6 (2015): 1382 - 1390
THE INFLUENCE OF TIDAL
ACTIVITIES ON HYDROLOGIC VARIABLES OF PAKA RIVER, TERENGGANU, MALAYSIA
(Pengaruh Aktiviti Pasang Surut Bagi Variabel Hidrologi di
Sungai Paka,
Terengganu, Malaysia)
Mohd
EkhwanToriman1,2, Muhammad Barzani Gasim1*, Haniff Muhamad1
1East Coast Environmental
Research Institute (ESERI),
Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, Gong Badak
Campus, 21300 Kuala Terengganu, Terengganu, Malaysia
2School of Social, Development
and Environmental Studies, Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities,
Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi,
Selangor, Malaysia
*Corresponding author: dr.barzani@gmail.com
Received:
14 April 2015; Accepted: 9 July 2015
Abstract
A hydrological study was
conducted to determine their characteristics at Paka River, Terengganu. Seven
sampling stations were identified in this study. Sampling was started from the
estuary of Paka River, and ended about 14 km away from the estuary as each
station was 2 km apart from each other. Sampling was carried out at two different water tides (low and high water
tides) and two durational variations which represented by the wet and dry periods. Hydrological
variables such as river velocity, river width and river depth were measured by
using specific equipment. River width was measured by using a rangefinder
(model Bushnell 20-0001), river depth was measured by using a depth meter
(model Speedtech SM-5) and river velocity was measured by using a flow
meter/current flow meter (model FP101). Station 1 that located at the
downstream identified by highest readings for hydrological variables both water
tides during the first and second samplings compared to stations 7 which
located at the upstream. Higher readings of hydrological variables were also
shown during dry season since low freshwater flow due to less rainfall
intensity in the upstream area.
Keywords: Paka
River, hydrological measurement, high and low tides, wet and dry periods
Abstrak
Satu kajian hidrologi telah dijalankan untuk menentukan
ciri-cirinya di Sungai Paka, Terengganu. Tujuh stesen pensampelan telah dikenal
pasti dalam kajian ini. Persampelan yang bermula dari muara Sungai Paka, dan
berakhir kira-kira 14 km dari muara kerana setiap stesen pensampelan berjarak 2
km diantara satu dengan yang lain. Persampelan telah dijalankan berdasarkan
perbezaan aras laut (air laut pasang dan
air laut surut) dan dalam dua variasi musim yang diwakili oleh tempoh basah dan
kering. Beberapa variabel hidrologi seperti halaju sungai, lebar sungai dan
kedalaman sungai diukur dengan menggunakan peralatan khas. Lebar sungai diukur
dengan menggunakan “rangefinder” (model Bushnell 20-0001), kedalaman sungai
diukur dengan menggunakan “depth”meter (model Speedtech SM-5) dan halaju sungai
diukur dengan menggunakan meter alir (model FP101). Stesen 1 yang terletak di
hilir dikenal pasti mempunyai bacaan
tertinggi bagi bagi kesemua variabel hidrologi di kedua-dua keadan pasang dan
surut dan dalam pensampelan pertama dan
kedua berbanding stesen 7 yang terletak di hulu. Bacaan variabel hidrologi yang
tinggi juga telah ditunjukkan semasa musim kering ini adalah disebabkan aliran
sungai yang rendah kerana keamatan hujan yang rendah di kawasan hulu.
Kata kunci: Sungai Paka, pengukuran hidrologi,
air laut pasang surut, period basah dan kering
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