Malaysian Journal of Analytical Sciences Vol 19 No
6 (2015): 1223 - 1228
REDUCTION
OF GRAPHENE OXIDE TO GRAPHENE BY USING GAMMA IRRADIATION
(Penurunan Grafin
Oksida kepada Grafin Menggunakan Sinar Gama)
Shamellia Sharin1, Irman Abdul Rahman1,2*,
Ainee Fatimah Ahmad1, Hur Munawar Kabir Mohd1,
Faizal Mohamed1,2, Shahidan Radiman1,2,
Muhamad Samudi Yasir1,2, Sukiman Sarmani1,2,
Muhammad Taqiyuddin Mawardi Ayob1, Intan Syakeela
Ahmad Bastamam1
1School of Applied Physics
2Nuclear Technology Research Centre
Faculty of Science and Technology,
Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi,
Selangor, Malaysia
*Corresponding
author: irman@ukm.edu.my
Received: 9
December 2014; Accepted: 16 October 2015
Abstract
This research aims to gauge the ability of gamma radiation to
induce the reduction of graphene oxide to graphene. Graphene oxide powders were
dispersed into a mixture of alcohol and deionized water, and the mixture was
then irradiated with a 60Co source using a GammaCell 220 Excel
irradiator at absorbed doses of 0, 5, 15, 20 and 35 kGy. According to
characterization using Fourier Transformed Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), it can
be seen that almost every oxygen-containing functional group has been removed
after irradiation of the graphene oxide mixture. Reduction of graphene oxide
was also proven from the characterization using UV-Vis Spectroscopy, in which
the wavelength of graphene oxide at 237 nm was red-shifted to 277 nm after
being irradiated and the peak at 292 nm, (indicating the carboxyl group)
disappears in the UV-Vis spectrum of reduced graphene oxide. Morphology of
graphene oxide also changed from a smooth and flat surface to crumpled. The
ratio of carbon/oxygen in the graphene oxide was lower than the carbon/oxygen
of reduced graphene oxide. At the end of the experiment, it can be deduced that
graphene oxide underwent reduction, characterized before and after irradiation
using Emission Scanned Electron Microscopy and Energy Dispersive X-ray, Fourier
Transformed Infrared Spectroscopy and UV-Vis Spectroscopy. Therefore, we
postulate that the irradiation technique that induces reduction, can be used to
obtain reduced graphene oxide from graphene oxide.
Keywords: graphene, graphene oxide, gamma
radiation, FTIR, FESEM-EDX, UV-Vis
Abstrak
Kajian ini dijalankan untuk menguji
kebolehan sinar gama untuk mengaruh penurunan daripada grafin oksida kepada
grafin. Serbuk grafin oksida yang dilarutkan dalam campuran alkohol dan air
ternyah ion disinarkan dengan punca sinaran 60Co menggunakan penyinar GammaCell 220 Excel
pada dos serapan 0, 5, 15, 20 dan 35 kGy. Berdasarkan pencirian yang
dibuat menggunakan Spektroskopi Infra Merah Transformasi Fourier (FT-IR),
didapati hampir kesemua kumpulan berfungsi yang mempunyai ikatan dengan oksigen
berjaya disingkirkan selepas campuran grafin oksida disinarkan. Penurunan
grafin oksida turut dibuktikan melalui pencirian Spektroskopi Penyerapan
Ultralembayung-cahaya Nampak, yang mana panjang gelombang grafin oksida iaitu
pada 237 nm beralih kepada 277 nm selepas disinarkan dengan sinar gama dan
puncak pada 292 nm mewakili kumpulan berfungsi karboksil hilang pada spektrum
grafin oksida terturun. Morfologi grafin oksida bertukar daripada rata dan
licin kepada berkedut. Nisbah karbon/oksigen bagi grafin oksida adalah lebih
rendah berbanding dengan grafin oksida terturun. Pada akhir kajian ini,
didapati grafin oksida berjaya diturunkan setelah membuat analisa daripada
pencirian Mikroskopi Imbasan Elektron Pancaran Medan dan Penyerakan Tenaga
Sinar-X, Spektroskopi Infra Merah Transformasi Fourier dan Spektroskopi
Penyerapan Ultralembayung-cahaya Nampak sebelum dan selepas grafin oksida
disinarkan. Ini menunjukkan teknik penyinaran boleh digunakan bagi menurunkan
grafin oksida kepada grafin oksida terturun.
Kata kunci: grafin, grafin
oksida, sinar gama, FTIR, FESEM-EDX, UV-Vis
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