Malaysian Journal of Analytical Sciences Vol 19 No 6 (2015): 1147 - 1155

 

 

 

COMPOSITION OF HEDYCHIUM MALAYANUM RHIZOME ESSENTIAL OIL AND ITS ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY

 

(Komposisi Minyak Pati Rizom Hedychium malayanum dan Aktiviti Antipengoksidanya)

 

Mohammed Yahya Abdo1, Wan Yaacob Wan Ahmad1*, Laily Bin Din1, Nazlina Ibrahim2

 

1School of Chemical Sciences and Food Technology

2School of Biosciences and Biotechnology

Faculty of Science and Technology,

Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia

 

*Corresponding author: wanyaa@ukm.edu.my

 

 

Received: 9 July 2015; Accepted: 23 September 2015

 

 

Abstract

The Hedychium malayanum rhizome oil with a yield of 0.079% was obtained after hydro distillation using a Clevenger-type apparatus. Nineteen compounds representing 99.5% of the total amount of oil were identified using capillary GC and GC-MS with a DB-5 column. The oil was dominated by monoterpenes (99.0%) with 1,8-cineole (37.7%), β-pinene (35.2%) and α-pinene (10.9%) being the most abundant constituents. The oil was studied for its antioxidant activities by three different tests, involving its effect on the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazil (radical scavenging activity, RSA), ferrous ion chelating (FIC) and β-carotene bleaching (BCB) in linoleic acid system. The oil showed fairly good activities toward all the above tests compared to the standards except in the case of FIC, where the standard ascorbic acid possessed weaker chelating ability than the oil. RSA was calculated as IC50, and the respective values for gallic acid, ascorbic acid and the oil were 1.8 ± 0.06, 3.5 ± 0.30 and 140.3 ± 1.46 µg/mL. For BCB, the oil and standard BHT had possessed high and very high capacity (87.2 ± 1.00 and 96.8 ± 0.21% respectively) to prevent the oxidation by linoleic acid. FIC activity showed that the oil and standard ascorbic acid were weaker chelating than EDTA (IC50 86.9 ± 0.70 µg/mL). However, the oil showed a fairly good chelating (IC50 283.3 ± 5.26 µg/mL) whereas the ascorbic acid possessed a weak activity to chelate Fe2+ (IC50 1428.6 ± 7.04 µg/mL).

 

Keywords: Hedychium malayanum, essential oil, composition, GC-GC/MS, antioxidant activity

 

Abstrak

Minyak rizom Hedychium malayanum dengan hasil 0.079% diperoleh selepas penyulingan hidro menggunakan radas jenis-Clevenger. Sembilan belas sebatian yang mewakili 99.5% jumlah amaun bagi minyak telah dikenal pasti menggunakan KG dan KG-SJ rerambut dengan turus DB-5. Minyak tersebut didominasi oleh monoterpena (99.0%) dengan 1,8-sineol (37.7%), β-pinena (35.2%) dan α-pinena (10.9%) merupakan juzuk yang paling banyak. Minyak ini dikaji aktiviti antipengoksidanya dengan tiga ujian yang berbeza, melibatkan kesannya terhadap 1,1-difenil-2-pikrilhidrazil (aktiviti penghapus-sisa radikal, APR), pengkelatan ion ferus (PIF) dan pelunturan β-karotena (PBK) dalam sistem asid linoleik. Minyak ini menunjukkan aktiviti yang agak baik terhadap kesemua ujian di atas berbanding dengan piawai kecuali dalam kes ujian PIF, di mana piawai asid askorbik memperlihatkan kebolehan pengkelatan yang lebih lemah daripada minyak. APR dikira sebagai KP50, dan nilai masing-masing bagi asid galik, asid askorbik dan minyak ini adalah 1.8 ± 0.06, 3.5 ± 0.30 dan 140.3 ± 1.46 µg/mL. Bagi PBK, minyak dan piawai HTT memperlihatkan kapasiti tinggi dan sangat tinggi (87.2 ± 1.00 and 96.8 ± 0.21%, masing-masing) untuk mencegah pengoksidaan oleh asid linoleik. Aktiviti PIF menunjukkan bahawa minyak ini dan piawai asid askorbik adalah pengkelat yang lebih lemah daripada EDTA (KP50 86.9 ± 0.70 µg/mL). Namun, minyak tersebut menunjukkan pengkelatan yang agak baik (KP50 283.3 ± 5.26 µg/mL) manakala asid askorbik memperlihatkan aktiviti yang lemah bagi mengkelat Fe2+ (KP50 1428.6  ± 7.04 µg/mL).

 

Kata kunci: Hedychium malayanum, minyak pati, komposisi, KG-KG/SJ, aktiviti antipengoksida

 

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