Malaysian Journal of Analytical Sciences Vol 19 No
6 (2015): 1147 - 1155
COMPOSITION OF HEDYCHIUM
MALAYANUM RHIZOME ESSENTIAL OIL AND ITS ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY
(Komposisi Minyak Pati Rizom Hedychium malayanum dan Aktiviti Antipengoksidanya)
Mohammed Yahya Abdo1, Wan Yaacob Wan Ahmad1*, Laily Bin Din1, Nazlina Ibrahim2
1School of
Chemical Sciences and Food Technology
2School of
Biosciences and Biotechnology
Faculty of Science and Technology,
Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi,
Selangor, Malaysia
*Corresponding author: wanyaa@ukm.edu.my
Received: 9
July 2015; Accepted: 23 September 2015
Abstract
The Hedychium
malayanum rhizome oil with a yield of 0.079% was obtained after hydro distillation
using a Clevenger-type apparatus. Nineteen compounds representing 99.5% of the
total amount of oil were identified using capillary GC and GC-MS with a DB-5
column. The oil was dominated by monoterpenes (99.0%) with 1,8-cineole (37.7%),
β-pinene (35.2%) and α-pinene (10.9%) being the most abundant constituents. The
oil was studied for its antioxidant activities by three different tests,
involving its effect on the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazil (radical scavenging
activity, RSA), ferrous ion chelating (FIC) and β-carotene bleaching (BCB) in
linoleic acid system. The oil showed fairly good activities toward all the
above tests compared to the standards except in the case of FIC, where the
standard ascorbic acid possessed weaker chelating ability than the oil. RSA was
calculated as IC50, and the respective values for gallic acid,
ascorbic acid and the oil were 1.8 ± 0.06, 3.5 ± 0.30 and 140.3 ± 1.46 µg/mL.
For BCB, the oil and standard BHT had possessed high and very high capacity
(87.2 ± 1.00 and 96.8 ± 0.21% respectively) to prevent the oxidation by
linoleic acid. FIC activity showed that the oil and standard ascorbic acid were
weaker chelating than EDTA (IC50 86.9 ± 0.70 µg/mL). However, the
oil showed a fairly good chelating (IC50 283.3 ± 5.26 µg/mL) whereas
the ascorbic acid possessed a weak activity to chelate Fe2+ (IC50
1428.6 ± 7.04 µg/mL).
Keywords: Hedychium malayanum, essential oil, composition, GC-GC/MS, antioxidant activity
Abstrak
Minyak
rizom Hedychium malayanum dengan hasil 0.079% diperoleh selepas
penyulingan hidro menggunakan radas jenis-Clevenger. Sembilan belas sebatian
yang mewakili 99.5% jumlah amaun bagi minyak telah dikenal pasti menggunakan KG
dan KG-SJ rerambut dengan turus DB-5. Minyak tersebut didominasi oleh
monoterpena (99.0%) dengan 1,8-sineol (37.7%), β-pinena (35.2%) dan α-pinena
(10.9%) merupakan juzuk yang paling banyak. Minyak ini dikaji aktiviti
antipengoksidanya dengan tiga ujian yang berbeza, melibatkan kesannya terhadap
1,1-difenil-2-pikrilhidrazil (aktiviti penghapus-sisa radikal, APR),
pengkelatan ion ferus (PIF) dan pelunturan β-karotena (PBK) dalam sistem asid
linoleik. Minyak ini menunjukkan aktiviti yang agak baik terhadap kesemua ujian
di atas berbanding dengan piawai kecuali dalam kes ujian PIF, di mana piawai
asid askorbik memperlihatkan kebolehan pengkelatan yang lebih lemah daripada
minyak. APR dikira sebagai KP50, dan nilai masing-masing bagi asid
galik, asid askorbik dan minyak ini adalah 1.8 ± 0.06, 3.5 ± 0.30 dan 140.3 ± 1.46
µg/mL. Bagi PBK, minyak dan piawai HTT memperlihatkan kapasiti tinggi dan
sangat tinggi (87.2 ± 1.00 and 96.8 ± 0.21%, masing-masing) untuk mencegah
pengoksidaan oleh asid linoleik. Aktiviti PIF menunjukkan bahawa minyak ini dan
piawai asid askorbik adalah pengkelat yang lebih lemah daripada EDTA (KP50
86.9 ± 0.70 µg/mL). Namun, minyak tersebut menunjukkan pengkelatan yang agak
baik (KP50 283.3 ± 5.26 µg/mL) manakala asid askorbik memperlihatkan
aktiviti yang lemah bagi mengkelat Fe2+ (KP50 1428.6 ± 7.04 µg/mL).
Kata kunci: Hedychium malayanum, minyak pati, komposisi, KG-KG/SJ, aktiviti antipengoksida
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