Malaysian Journal of Analytical Sciences Vol 19 No 5 (2015): 1084 - 1092

 

 

 

KESAN PINTASAN KE ATAS INFILTRASI DAN KELEMBAPAN TANIH DI HUTAN DIPTEROKAP DAN LADANG KELAPA SAWIT

DI TASIK CHINI, PAHANG

 

(Impact of Interception on Infiltration and Soil Moisture in Dipterocarp Forest and Oil Palm Plantations in Tasik Chini, Pahang)

 

  Frankie Marcus Ata1, Mohd Ekhwan Toriman1,2, Mohd Khairul Amri Kamarudin1,3*

 

1East Coast Environmental Research Institute (ESERI),

Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, 21300 Kuala Terengganu, Terengganu. Malaysia

2School of Social, Development and Environmental Studies, Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities,

Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia

3Faculty of Design Arts and Engineering Technology,

Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, 21300 Kuala Terengganu, Terengganu. Malaysia

 

*Corresponding author: mkhairulamri@unisza.edu.my

 

 

Received: 14 April 2015; Accepted: 9 July 2015

 

 

Abstrak

Hutan dipterokap dan kawasan pertanian kelapa sawit merupakan dua lokasi yang mempunyai ciri pintasan, kelembapan tanih dan infiltrasi yang berbeza. Kajian imbangan air bagi proses kitaran hidrologi ini telah dijalankan di Lembangan Tasik Chini, Pahang, Malaysia selama sepuluh bulan bermula pada bulan April 2011 sehingga Januari 2012. Matlamat kajian ini adalah mengkaji ciri pintasan di dua variasi kanopi pokok dan kesan pintasan ke atas proses infiltrasi. Metod yang digunakan melibatkan data primer khususnya pengukuran aliran batang dan jatuhan langsung serta kadar kelembapan tanih bagi kedua-dua lokasi kajian. 104 batang pokok menjadi sampel iaitu 100 batang pokok di kawasan hutan dipterokap dan 4 batang pokok kelapa sawit serta 9 set jatuhan langsung dan 7 stesen alat pengukur kelembapan tanih. Hubungan regriasi digunakan untuk menganalisis kadar infiltrasi dan perhubungan antara pembolehubah pintasan dengan kadar kelembapan tanih dan hujan. Hasil kajian mendapati, 29.7% jumlah pintasan direkodkan dikawasan Plot A, 29.1% di kawasan Plot B dan 41.2% di kawasan kelapa sawit. Purata aliran batang bagi pokok di kawasan hutan sebanyak 8.65mm setiap pokok berbanding 12.7 mm bagi setiap pokok kelapa sawit. Purata bagi jatuhan langsung di kawasan kelapa sawit juga tinggi berbanding kawasan hutan iaitu 0.49 mm dan 0.42 mm. Hasil kajian menunjukkan ciri pintasan bagi kawasan hutan dipterokap dan kawasan kelapa sawit dipengaruhi oleh ciri fisiografi pokok seperti diameter batang pokok dan bentuk dahan pokok. Nilai pekali korelasi bagi hubungan antara jatuhan langsung dengan kadar kelembapan tanih di kawasan kelapa sawit adalah r² = 0.49 berbanding di kawasan hutan sebanyak r²= 0.42, hubungan yang positif bermakna apabila jumlah jatuhan langsung meningkat maka kadar kelembapan tanih juga akan meningkat.

 

Kata kunci: aliran batang, jatuhan langsung, kelembapan tanih, infiltrasi, hutan dipterokap Tasik Chini

 

Abstract

In local water balance, the dipterocarp forest and oil palm plantation are two locations which demonstrated different processes in terms of interception, soil moisture and infiltration. To evaluate the process, this study was carried out at Tasik Chini watershed, Pahang, Malaysia for over ten months commencing April 2011 until January 2012. The main idea of this study is to study the characteristics of interception at two variants canopy and effect of interception on the infiltration process. The methodology used involves primary data including stremflow, through fall and soil moisture. 104 samples for stemflow and four samples for palm oil trees, 9 sets of through fall and 7 soil moisture stations were measured at dipterocarp forest and oil palm plantation, respectively the regression analysis was used to analyses the relationship between rate of infiltration and interception with soil moisture and rainfall. The result indicate that total interceptions were registered at 29.7 percent in Plot A, 29.1 percent in Plot B and 41.2 in oil palm plantation. The average for stemflow in the forest area is 8.65 mm per tree compared to 12.7 mm for every oil palm tree. Meanwhile, the average for through fall in oil palm plantation was higher compared to the forest area. This is about 0.49 mm and 0.42 mm respectively. The results of the interception at the Dipterocarp forest and palm areas were affected by physiographic characteristic such as the diameter size and branches of tree. The correlation coefficient between through fall and soil moisture in the oil palm plantation is r²=0.49, in comparison to through fall and soil moisture in forest area is r²=0.42. Positive correlation means that the amount of through fall increase than soil moisture will increase also.

 

Keywords: stem flow, through fall, soil moisture, infiltration, Tasik Chini dipterocarp forest

 

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