The Malaysian Journal of Analytical Sciences Vol 17 No 1 (2013): 11 – 23

 

 

PENGARUH FAKTOR KERUANGAN DAN MASA

DALAM MENENTUKAN KADAR PINTASAN HUJAN DI KANOPI HUTAN DIPTEROKARPA, TASIK CHINI PAHANG

 

(Influence of Spatial and Temporal Factors in Determining Rainfall Interception at Dipterocarp Forest Canopy, Lake Chini, Pahang)

 

Nur Munirah Abdullah¹, Mohd Ekhwan Toriman¹, Haslinur Md Din¹, Nor Azlina Ab.Aziz¹, Mohd Khairul Amri Kamarudin¹, Nurul Syazwani Abdul Rani¹, Frankie Marcus Ata¹, Mohd Hafiz Saad¹, Noraini Wahida Abdullah¹ Mushrifah Idris², Nor Rohaizah Jamil³

 

¹ Pusat Pengajian Sosial, Pembangunan dan Persekitaran, Fakulti Sains Sosial dan Kemanusiaan

² Pusat Pengajian Sains Sekitaran dan Sumber Alam, Fakulti Sains dan Teknologi,

Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Bangi, 43600 Selangor.

³ Jabatan Sains Alam Sekitar,

Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, 40300 Selangor.

 

*Corresponding author: ekhwan@ukm.my

 

 

Abstrak

Kehilangan air hujan oleh proses pintasan dipengaruhi oleh dua mekanisme utama iaitu ciri iklim dan ciri fisiografi tumbuhan. Ciri iklim yang mempengaruhi kehilangan pintasan adalah jumlah curahan hujan (mm), kelajuan angin (m/s) dan suhu sekitar (°C). Ciri fisiografi tumbuhan yang mempengaruhi kehilangan pintasan pula terdiri daripada ketinggian, kulit, diameter, kanopi, ranting dan dahan pokok. Dengan melihat peranan iklim dan ciri fisiografi tumbuhan dalam proses pintasan, kajian ini dijalankan untuk mengukur kadar jatuhan langsung (mm), aliran batang (mm) dan pintasan hujan (mm) serta faktor yang mempengaruhinya. Penilaian jatuhan langsung dan pintasan hujan dilakukan di atas plot kajian bersaiz 100 x 100 meter di Hutan Dipterokap Tasik Chini, Pahang. Kajian ini dilakukan bermula dari bulan Oktober 2009 hingga Januari 2010. Tiga puluh pokok telah dikenalpasti dan dipilih sebagai sampel kajian aliran batang berdasarkan spesies, famili, diameter aras dada (DBH) serta kepadatan dan saiz kanopi. Empat set jatuhan langsung digunakan untuk melakukan pengukuran jatuhan langsung. Hasil kajian mendapati nilai jatuhan langsung (TF) dan aliran batang (SF) yang direkodkan pada empat kali kejadian hujan pada bulan Oktober 2009  ialah 0.66 % (TF) dan 99.34 % (SF), November 2009 - 0.54% (TF) dan 99.46% (SF), Disember 2009 – 0.72% (TF) dan 99.28 % (SF) dan bulan Januari 2010 - 0.49% (TF) dan 99.51% (SF). Analisis statisitik juga menunjukkan wujudnya hubungan antara jumlah curahan hujan kasar dengan pintasan pada aras signifikan 0.571 (r²) bagi bulan Disember 2009. Kajian ini membekalkan maklumat penting berkaitan dengan kitaran hidrologi dan bagaimana kanopi pokok bertindak sebagai medium pengimbang air dalam kawasan hutan.

 

Kata kunci: jatuhan langsung, aliran batang, pintasan, dipterokarpa, keruangan dan masa

 

Abstract

The reduction of rainfall by interception process is influenced by two mechanisms namely climate and plant physiographic features. Climate features that affecting the interception loss including total rainfall (mm), wind speed (m/s) and temperature (°C). Meanwhile plant physiographic features that affect interception loss consists of tree’s height, skin, diameter, canopy, twigs and branches. Looking the role of climate and plant physiographic features in the interception process, this study was conducted in order to measure the throughfall, stem flow and interception loss and the factors that influence it. The assessment of throughfall and interception loss were carried out on study plot sized 100 x 100 meter in Dipterocarp Forest of Tasik Chini, Pahang. The study was conducted from October 2009 until January of 2010. Thirty tree samples are used and each tree is well-identified based on their species, family, diameter breast height (DBH), canopy size and its density. Four sets of throughfall were used to do throughfall measurements. Results of this study found that the value of throughfall and stem flow collected based on four rainfall events namely in October 2009 where 0.66 % (TF) and 99.34 % (SF), November 2009 – 0.54 % (TF) and 99.46 % (SF), December 2009 – 0.72 % (TF) and 99.28 % (SF) and January of 2010 – 0.49 % (TF) and 99.51 % (SF). Statistical analysis also indicates the existence of the relationship between total rainfall and interception loss with significant levels in 0.571 (r²) in December of 2009. This study provides important information that related to the hydrological cycle and how plant’s canopy can be acted as a medium of water balance in the environment.

 

Keywords: troughfall, stem flow, interception, dipterocarp, spartial and temporal

 

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