The Malaysian Journal of Analytical Sciences Vol 16 No 3 (2012): 353 – 365

 

 

 

KEPEKATAN BEBAN BAHAN PENCEMAR DI ALUR ILMU KAMPUS UKM BANGI: KAEDAH MIN KEPEKATAN PERISTIWA (EMC)

 

(Loading Concentrations of Pollutant in Alur Ilmu at UKM Bangi Campus: Event Mean Concentration (EMC) Approach)

 

Haslinur Md Din¹, Mohd Ekhwan Toriman¹, Mazlin Mokhtar², Rahmah Elfithri², Nor Azlina Ab.Aziz¹,

Nur Munirah Abdullah¹, Mohd Khairul Amri Kamarudin¹

 

¹Pusat Pengajian Sosial, Pembangunan dan Persekitaran,

²Institut Alam Sekitar dan Pembangunan,

Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia

 

*Corresponding author: ekhwan@ukm.my

 

 

Abstrak

Beban pencemar air dan luahan sungai adalah antara data asas dalam menentukan kedinamikan sesebuah sungai. Input kualiti air dan luahan lazimnya boleh diperoleh melalui pengambilan sampel air dilapangan ataupun dicerap secara automatik menggunakan simpanan kawalan data. Artikel ini membincangkan beban pencemar kualiti air dan hubungannya dengan luahan (m³/s) menggunakan kaedah Min Kepekatan Peristiwa (EMC) di Alur Ilmu UKM yang berpunca dari hutan Diptorakap Simpan Bangi (2˚55’14.72”N 101˚46’57.37.”E). Panjang Alur Ilmu adalah 1.79 km yang merentasi kampus induk Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia sebelum mengalir masuk ke Sungai Langat. Parameter oksigen terlarut (DO) dan jumlah pepejal terlarut (TDS) diukur melalui stesen automatik kualiti air model YK 615 yang dipasang pada hilir alur tersebut (2˚55’40.33”N 100˚46’47.15”E). Analisis makmal dilakukan bagi beban pencemar kimia seperti ammonia nitrogen (NH₃-N), jumlah pepejal terampai (TSS), permintaan oksigen biokimia (BOD) dan permintaan oksigen kimia (COD) mengikut garis panduan American Public Health Association (APHA, 2005). Kadar luahan masa normal Alur Ilmu dicatat ialah 0.33(m³/s) dan luahan masa hujan maksimum ialah 13.04 (m³/s). Jumlah anggaran beban pencemar mengikut kaedah EMC seperti DO (18.51±3.01 mg/L), TDS (794.92±186.72mg/L), BOD (11.57±0.28mg/L), COD (201.29±1.55mg/l), TSS (470.03±27.63mg/L) dan ammonia nitrogen (2.52±0.0mg/L). Ujian korelasi menunjukkan hubungan langsung antara jumlah hujan dan luahan (Q) serta beberapa beban pencemar dengan R²=1 pada aras kesignifikan 0.05. Hasil kajian juga mengklasifikasikan beberapa beban pencemar berada dalam kelas III dan kelas IV seperti yang telah ditetapkan oleh Indeks Kualiti Air (IKA).

 

Kata kunci: Alur Ilmu, Luahan Sungai, Kualiti air, Min Kepekatan Peristiwa, Korelasi

 

Abstract

Water pollutant loadings and river discharge are among the basic data used in determining the dynamicity of a river. The input of water quality and river discharge are usually available through the collection of water samples in the field or at the observatory, and are done automatically using the data logger sensor. This paper discusses the concentrations pollutant load water quality and its relationship with discharge (m3/s) using Event Mean Concentration (EMC) in the Alur Ilmu, UKM source from the Diptrokarp forest at Hutan Simpan Bangi (2˚55'14.72 "N 101˚ 46'57.37" E). Alur Ilmu is a 1.79 km long stretching across the main campus of National University of Malaysia before flowing into the Langat River. Water quality was measured using automatic gauging and continuous water quality stations which are installed at downstream of Alur Ilmu (2˚55'40.33 "N 100˚46'47.15" E) and involves in measuring the parameters of  total dissolved solid (TDS) and dissolved oxygen (DO) .Laboratory analysis carried out for chemical parameters such as ammonia nitrogen (NH₃-N), total suspended solid (TSS), biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) and chemical oxygen demand (COD) in accordance with guidelines American Public Health Association (APHA, 1995). The normal discharge rate recorded at Alur Ilmu is 0.33 m³/s and the wet discharge is 13.04 m³/s.The total estimated pollutant loadings according to EMC as DO (18.51 ± 3.01 mg / L), TDS (794.92 ± 186.72 mg / L), BOD (11.57 ± 0.28 mg / L), COD (201.29 ± 1.55mg / l), TSS (470.03 ± 27.63mg / L) and Ammonia Nitrogen (2.52 ± 0.0 mg / L). Correlation test showed a direct relationship between rainfall and flow (Q) and several pollutant loadings with R²=1 at a significance level of 0.05. The study also classified some of the pollutants concentrations in class III and IV as determined by the Water Quality Index (WQI).

 

Keywords: Alur Ilmu, River Discharge, Water Quality, Event Mean Concentrations, Correlation

 

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